Understanding the issues and meanings of symbols used by a group of community and a key to understanding the cultural reference. It is a symbol and living guide for the community and the benchmark, ie, the system as a form of representation from the public to serve as a model to be transmitted via the code symbol of the cultural agreement, people in the community ideas and reflect the nuances of the culture result of the action. This article will focus dagger presented to the relevant art and culture as a paradigm of cultural systems and cultural aspects
Understanding the dynamics of culture, in essence, is to understand is used by a group of local supporters of the reference value and meaning of the sign problem. The word "culture", "treatment" which means "state", particularly in agriculture and animal husbandry. Therefore, all efforts to change behavior to the country of the importance of this development work alam1 men. In Indonesia, the word culture Budhi "spirit" of multiple meanings of the word and meaning sangsekerta buddhayah "culture" is defined as. , Emotions, thoughts, word for word and one soul contains the basic impulses of desire and fantasy life. Therefore, the spirit, mind, soul and spirit are the foundation of all cultural life, the word 'culture' is used as an abbreviation of the cultural meaning of copyright, the significance of the results. As part of the culture the culture is described by the system of ideas, actions, results of the work of human life in masyarakat2
Keris cultural expression
Cultural system as a result of Christian ideas, actions, and social context of the results of human labor. Cultural symbols as a system of symbols results, ie, in connection with a guide to the social system and life and meaning simbolik3 reference code that is sent. Ideas and cultural understanding, in this case the community (as a form of public expression of results of human behavior, cultural nuances to give the Java community.)
Chris, in response to human culture, are familiar with the work of the society. Create a symbolic representation also is important to culture (Classic) is considered a Christian community. Java values and should therefore now symbols of life and cultural heritage will be saved. Yudha values and try Sujanagude (1997:65) is to provide an explanation of the origin of numbers or symbols as a symbol of. Etymology symbol sumballo (sumballien), which is an interview, reflecting comparisons comes from the Greek means integration. Symbol according to the size comes in two statements. Values related to what we value, the other symbols, the community has a specific function can be used as ID. Dual-key (corresponding to vertical reference model behavior in the community form) to explain, and intrinsic horizontal (community based on solidarity between the adhesive and the support of the context as a symbol of communication channel) 4
The knowledge of the culture is different, the concept of culture to reformulate the behavioral patterns of structure and functioning, there is a general and apparently obtained by express or implied, cultural symbols, although you can typically feature of human groups to eventually do something, the symptoms materi.5 Article
Simuh We describe these features stand out in the Javanese culture is full of symbols and emblems. In terms of a symbol than practical ideas for all ganda6 symbols can be interpreted, so you can get all the mystery. Meaning of property generalists stitching decorative value and cultural figures) along the same route gagrag time (such as cultural values are considered stored in traditional precious Jawawayan. Viewing the tradition of social You can change it in line with the cultural values are considered as noble civilization holds (Tjetjep Rohendi 1993:2) continues.
Kelis is part of the cultural system, Menbakuncharaninguratto: the cultural system of ideas, actions, results of human labor and housing masyarakat7. Form and content of culture, as anthropologists, at least three forms, namely: (1) ideas (2) Activities (3) 3 Koentjaraningrat artifacts8 cultural events, "a system which is closely related to worry Activities are expressed in social systems, material culture (creating an object, in which case the system (IDEA), the abstract more concrete social systems as a regular activity, others) in place, particularly of the system and the activation of above (see paragraph Rohaedi 1986:83). Analysis, Java culture is in the form of the interaction between culture system, the relationship between ideas, in particular, artifacts and activities that indicate a job, Java community (including blades) is generated.
Cultural heritage and prospects of the company and the philosophy associated with the development of different regions, "Chris." The account is understood, Java also serve to take a picture of the culture of origin. "The concept of the cultural dynamics of Javanese culture and social harmony" sangkan para ning dumadi parents, "(cf. Geertz's, 1981 X 1912 lines.) Rise and / or order them through the process of childbirth, and your human relationship with the Lord, living and live with the use of some of these issues based on religious principles for the existence of cause and effect and all of them. Jawa9 contacts will occur sangkan Geertz dumadi "so-called" concept para ning. semi10 Javanese culture is known as postponed.
Chris, as a cultural expression of culture is represented by MRI. Susanto results are displayed as a result of the cultural heritage in the form of gauze or symbols in a burst of form or document. Representation of the size of the tree of life, both socially, key role in religion. Process of cultural change of behavior at a certain point, then, cultural resources, but their parents (1987:296) points.
Chris is a Java concept of cultural expression, the results point to the traditional culture of the parent process of cultural change associated with the form if (Conservation and Development). Java, all work in this case is always the mother (associated with a cultural life, cultural heritage) is a great respect for these problems. When parents always Chris culture "(culture), so see the reason in place, Chris, given the time and style typical of the region. Each is within a certain period in a given period within a standard Sutairumajapahito Chris Kellis Kingdom, Pajang etc. Mataram.
Cultural phenomenon, Chris Engine
Chris as a cultural phenomenon Kurisukurisu cultural expression is not free of the cultural system of society. Watch as an expression of support and not as a cultural and Chris are separated from the community. Java can be separated from social and cultural development of the system can not please. Opinions Nirusumoruda (1984) Community Development and cultural systems) Java Aaron - Aaron kelakon11 Watona statement known as the cultural stability and sustainable development (to ensure ongoing. Change the world, the Java System emphasizes inner peace, said Nirusumoruda: times the peace of mind, harmony and balance, attitude toward everything that happens to people in the community narimi bond configuration space (between the Cosmos to stress) Thanks to the community. people live in harmony with itself, and harmonious society, the good Lord in his life (Nirusumoruda 1984:13) and live in harmony driving. The documentation, he and the environment (society) an overview of the balance of opinion points to a permanent bond between the Lord of the relationship between environment and space. Nirumoruda also Javanese (custom) deals with the guidance of the general law and literacy paugeran receives said. living in the world, living in a society, have placed various restrictions, Java (label), the actions between individuals and record the traditional ethical norms, the rules for normal social harmony, moral relationship with God series of formal rules of the sect, the attitude narimi (emphasis on care by applicable law), and patient card and sexual (reflection), ASOR ANDAP (humility) and Prasaja (personal) regulates personal emotions and impulses (Nirusumoruda 1984:13). Mulder opinion, he means the concept of social life and (human) environment), with including a place to worship and the community (especially your own cultural values and the relationship between public relations and integrity (manembah attitude) submission to. Java philosophy of harmonious relations between the relationship of the universe, called the universe, horizontal, vertical, large and small. Java-world universe (the universe) and microcosm (microcosm) are two philosophy to the relation between the system and the living species to explain. in all areas inhabited by people of the universe, a microcosm (small world) is a large universe contains, and the human mind itself. microcosm of the Lord thy us (inside) at the level of our inner relationship between the vertical (miko cosmos relationship to adapt to adjustment), space (the atmosphere of the universe.)
Javanese cosmic world view on the world's best, lowest in the world, in many combinations, double or twin beds in the world is also a shot diarchy (h from the center and shouted to Schoerer Rahmad Subagyo 1981 refer: 118) is. They atunggal these conditions loroning, Java support criteria, 7:57 p.m. binneka kiwo Lagann, Unity in diversity (Rahmad Subagyo 1981:118). Is, Java community's attitude sinkretisme12 combination known as one of the two.
Kuntar is Wiryamartana, Java and other meta micro cosmos - macro natural world and cosmology () -. He was the embodiment of human quoted macrocosm of the universe, invisible meta-universe reason in nature (terindera between), Sakara is wadag and Tan (terindera the terindera) Nature Sakara, wadag natural world that is abstract in nature (I Wiryamartana Jacob Sumardjo Kuntar TT: 176) at wadag.
And three with the concept of the mandala meta-universe concept of the universe, Yakob Sumardjo explained: Mandala is a perfect circle, perfect, perfect, integrity, and represents the totality of the universe, its nature is visible, the essence of energy is not from terindra was today. Participating in the gas space is four square circle anyway. Cosmos Mandala circle, in order to rule the universe and the harmony that exists in the space of four square behind the confusion. Dunuia black light is crucial for the gift in the world, a world of chaos present femininity invisible presence, the presence of people with disabilities in a perfect world that seems to exist in the world. A collection of elements of the duality of the existence of Mandala. Mandala Burajirutoppuobuzawarudo Rowaisuto world (James Sumardjo 2003:87) worldwide,
Microcosm foreign concepts and related universe Trilok is Arjunawiwaha (11th century) gold master of the king of Jaman Abdullah form Kanwar's Tribuana Ciptoprawiro meta cosmos, Kakawin, poetry, notably the form of short stories for the performance figures is a. Meditation a philosophy (Dream) is () (personification people) are defined in the. Shiva, "paramatatwa the sari tion as" (not not (not terindera Abstract up = True) to terindra included in the spirit of = niskalatmaka Sakala), ie, the source and destination (source and destination even pages) Space (Sakara ) (2000:34-35).
Java is a philosophy taught micro and macro metakosmmos implicitly described the relationship between mystical thought Sesué culture in Indonesia. He relaxed view of the universe within the universe. People need the situation and recognize kedudukanya this space. Vision of the objectives of the micro-universe, the project is to learn Tribuana / Trilok, namely: (1) abstract nature (nature is invisible terindera), (2) abstract nature Sakara (which has no known natural wadag wadag terindera of terindera not Tei (3), Sakara nature (nature wadag) human nature is why Sakara March 1 meta cosmos with the last word in power between the prophets and shaman, and can be moved in kesenian13.
Microcosm and macrocosm, the relationship between ritual mandala Miriamuagueiasu opinions and Jose (Figure Mandala), ie, linked to the concept of understanding the cosmos formed interaction terms to be unified and balanced, "Center 14" (1972:85 ).
Symptoms "Chris" from the bondage of a different cultural phenomenon that is thought to shape society through space and time is not a cultural phenomenon, a knife between the state and the people of that time.
Berkaitkan dagger and magic is always about a community (Java) trust between them closer please (Trust) has been associated. However, the ability to interpret the mystery of each Kellis is very diverse. Mithos Kellis without attention from the makers of God based on your attack khayangan (Arjunavivaha so see this huge Harjuna Newatakawaca God to kill, for example, Chris Doll Pasupati) was designated
In some cases, dogs Kara Batara Kurisukurisu Kaladi, dagger, known as Karuna was owned by the Hiroshi Sono
Many of these stories are from the Mahabharata. They can beat a giant, so he wanted revenge on the same Kaladi Batara Newatakawaca given by Kala, gatutkaca khayangan Chris brings peace Arjunavivaha Chris is described as a blessing in history.
The story of the history, the establishment of the Kingdom of Chris, for example in connection with Dr. Chris Gandring has finally Kenaroku mother after the successful establishment of the kingdom was instructed to Ametung Akuwu Tumapel Singasari d'Kenaroku dead. This article Pararaton included in the book.
He also Mataram Ageng Wanabaya the (chi Ageng comics), a new Christian that Kyai. The new leader, the incarnation of the dragon of the Merapi monastic settlement, as a condition of Britain is half Pajang. This article, Rawapening Ambarawa linked to the outbreak. And this story is very popular sociology, folklore characters
Mithos tales, history, folklore and stories, especially Chris behavior, human capacity (ESP), a different story seem to have power over. Disappearance and the origin (God) to return, or transferred to another owner will have the story of the keris. I thought that many people from the paranormal, there is a power beyond human power.
The core of the problem, not the content of the story, the truth of history, true or keris have supernatural powers. Phenomenon is very important to talk with a dagger, there can email a devastating impact on society to build a mug Chris. Forming public opinion about the cultural (dagger), which is a dagger to preserve cultural heritage can offer. Chris is an open discussion about the phenomenon and its history as a cultural expression of the archipelago, its presence in a statement. Keris sacred heritage, so I trust, if the community kuajiban merawatanya. This is a social and cultural endurance test.
Java Enterprise Growth and the conviction that the development of the individual conduct of all Christian communities. These beliefs as a cultural heritage that can not survive as Chris menghatarkan. Behavior engineering, mysterious stories, historical tales and folk culture method is called trapkan appearance. Keris of weapons and, perhaps, in the order of the sword keris phenomenon that is to strengthen the pillars of culture as a soldier, a family of weapons as a status symbol in pengageng dagger fashion of the building. Even the Shah palace dagger also complement expression, respect, a status symbol of nobility used as a keris.
Social change in the social system, the functionality of the Keris change. Chris has changed as a knife and the Kingdom of weapons and aristocratic status symbol. However, this passage Chris Palace of Culture as a pump source still must be careful to see this phenomenon. So called "Chris" escape from the building as a cultural center. Therefore Uapaca ceremony was used, refers to the palace as a community organizer keris praise of cultural resources.
Chris Arts phenomenon Aktiva
"Art" power as part of the culture system
Art is not only an important role in the development of the system of culture will not be displayed. It is part of a dialectical process that moves in the direction of cultural synthesis. With the electrical system (economic system, religion, education, social security and other companies) on the art of negotiations between the various processes involved in arguments and counter arguments. Cultural synthesis when the sale of a cultural diversity (temporarily achieved) the value of the installed artwork too. (Omar, 1996).
Offered as a cultural symbol systems of art, culture, quotes part of the continuous dialectical process "power" () depends on the culture system. If Java Power System of the kingdom of absolute monarchy, when it was determined by the system of art as a system of power occurs. The system uses Kellis, using the kind used in the dough king, nobles, high officials, while the power system is determined by the bottom circle of culture.
Art, Java's "Super Super" has reached the "super" super cultural experience of Java, between the systems after the dialectic process, culminating in the 18th century. Power system Mataram kingdom an absolute monarchy, a robust system to determine color, "Super Super" form of Java culture. It is no coincidence that the latest "super super system of values"-oriented form of secondary education. Same language, music, film, dance, costumes, apply to political speech. The figure is surrounded by all cultures "under the auspices of the American blues and jazz fuel system of absolute monarchy the best Adi, the American arms, as born in the black dirt region of southern blacks, the environment white discrimination against blacks and social systems of high-energy systems and "black music" has been invited as a cultural dialectic.
Chris as a dialectical process of cultural phenomena is what the pros and cons of nuclear energy, culture system, that system is only art system "in order" to create the power and means that it can not be displayed Culture and frustration. Maintaining a traditional and emerging contemporary art from the dialectical system for the gradual opening.
Terms of the traditional arts of our people, both "classical, or", "Traditional" tradition "that has been formulated. The time has now concluded a tour of the dialectic culture. Dance Music The electrical system of absolute monarchy is seen as Java and other systems of today berdialektika. "person" artistic traditions, economic systems, is part of our cultural and historical dialectic, traditional social system of agriculture.
Bonds (to separate from cultural values and social relationships and social unity of the traditional culture of art can not), boomed during the current information technology. Generate a form of cultural solidarity "dynamic viscosity of the law, and it is thought, and individual cultural transition phase. Change the value of social and cultural associations. Societal concerns personal interests Chris competence of the functional changes. Keris of ( flavor cough), were the work of traditional social and cultural relations dominated by the current interest in different cultures. as a cultural development that is confronted with two forces: power, progresi15, the party of power to store, party, ahead want. conservation, focusing on the culture of the past always, so that their vision culture and golden threads binding the past, separated by the current trend of globalization. view of the existence of evolution, leading to the modernization of culture .
Indonesian arts and cultural development in the Third World, including a comparison of these two options recently. Culture, cultural diversity in the area of the summit is to make choices based on the progress of the world has to offer led to a gradual development. The preservation of the cultural heritage of the country, said that would lead to a progressive force. Force Protection, provides a logical consequence of the two options for conservation. Kurisukomyuniti face this effect. Keris is stored in the store and was treated as a cultural heritage kelangenan. It is trying to develop a coherent social institutions and the preservation of conservation values to store.
Chris behavior as a product of art.
The information-age, height refers to the local culture influence the culture automatically affect the growth and development of local cultural globalization. Culture, national heritage and cultural initiative recognizes essensinya Terrance. Chris, transcendence and community trust and ontological force of Culture and power, power, control and culture (art), leads to a transformation of local culture in comparison with the market began to slide and Chris. Probably as a keris aristocratic status symbol is now an alternative culture pele SATA librarian alternative (pop culture) face. Conveniently, sacred objects - presumably Kellis, and is considered dirumat legacy. Now the dagger is a list of alternatives, including sale, waiting for the buyer.
Cultural dynamics of the past 10 years, if and when it is linked to the development of art, culture seems to change. The change is due to the appearance of the overall management of the era of globalization occurred in the Third World. Issues, Central America a century ago as a result of this Lebuh adannya least popular education, cultural changes reminiscent. In the 19th century the United States, two cultures, we have the culture of art "is a" traditional "popular culture" as the original (McDonald's, is a factory production and sale of thermistors.) Arts and popular culture is previous work, comics, books, art and media-development, magazines, radio, television and media are packaged in folk call.
For historical reasons, the growth of popular culture and the working class as a result of political democracy and mass education (kebudayaa classical tradition) cut and started dragging the monopoly of the old culture. Finding a profitable market for corporate culture, a new collective consciousness tried. Making progress in teknologia cheap books, magazines, photos, music, production of furniture can be enough to satisfy the market. Modern technology is unique in television production and distribution of mass and energy are creating a film and new media. These units are not like leaves and branches with the relationship between high culture and popular culture, more canker. The essential art of popular culture in the West, especially the beginning of urban development worldwide invasion, in the big cities in Indonesia, including the development of industrial cause.
Arts and culture, folk art is often called the culture of engineering the expansion of the continuity of art and folk art developed by the public. Behind the popular art and popular culture (pop culture) according to available because it was a kind of engineering, folk art has evolved. It was founded by the said company hired by the popular culture products and technologies. Requirements for passive consumers to participate in social and cultural activities such as folk audiennya, the participants' Oh, you are faced with buying it.
Symptoms of "Chris" Indonesian pop culture, folk art, and began development of the art world trend to appear. It is said that art spirutuil cultural strength, magic, entertainment guide, life and thought has begun to tear.
Wednesday, July 7, 2010
Friday, July 2, 2010
Priyayi Hindu culture and culture influences intellectual growth.
West Java, as the inscription on a stone on the north coast of Java, about 60 km east of Jakarta, the first signs of the Hindu nation, Cisadane River Valley. Without the record date, in view of the South Indian style of writing letters and forms, the wake, but is known to celebrate the inauguration of religious buildings and irrigation works to be executed by King explained some of the rituals acted in 4 century. King, the Indonesian people try to imitate the lifestyle of India, Hinduism is the name of the building for its literary and intellectual Hindu priests in India (KOI 1948) can lead to consultants We invite you to the people. He is a Brahmin, was ruled by the king as the basis for the organization of the sacred seems real way to keep track of the ceremony itself. Palace of society, Hindu culture is dominated intellectual much of Southeast Asia, the most impact, the Hindu concept of rural life in small, over the centuries, while perhaps no change to the rural economy for a while. (Koentjaraningrat cultural Java hal.38 of.)
The quotations above, the second century shows four Java to see tribal culture of south India and the intellectual. The myth of national intellectual philosophy and culture of India, to increase the power of God, the King, has been tapped to create a level of scholars and nobles of the court environment. 08:00 09th century intellectual culture as Javanist relief, the Borobudur and Prambanan temples merupakkan menanjaknya religious buildings in the world looks strange. Culture and purification Javanist intercept the ball in the development process of Java element of Hindu scholars.
Teresapi depth that only the top layer of Hindu influence, that the legal environment of noble culture, Javanese kingdoms, farmers practice reading and writing in the plural pes dark, and a study on long-term animism religion. In this review, it should be noted that the assumption that Hinduism, animism and dynamism of faith or parallel lines. That is, the human spirit with God, you can establish a direct relationship with the software. Tapas behavior (abstinence Blatt) can experience unity with God can be very powerful and even people. Therefore, the actual impact of the rich Hindu refers to the influence of spiritual and supernatural powers to improve the performance of the shaman.
Dolls (Mahabharata and Ramayana) in the development literature of the Kingdom of East Java, showed a direct relationship between man and gods.
The literary figure, was given by the human incarnation of God and spirituality, self-nitis Lord Vishnu as Lord Krishna Harjuna Komojoyo can not be described as a reincarnation. This is the basic idea of animism, the spirit or property owned or resignation ketempelan is parallel to the dynamism of the course. Therefore certian stories and the myth of heroic figures and Hindu gods mempercanggih Javanist are improving all the cultural environment. Therefore, the Hindu culture, the intellectual culture of Hinduism behave very well, an important traditional rural culture Javanist Central Valley hills.
Intellectual Hinduism, Buddhism and the intercept, a mystical philosophy led to the Panthers, students are transformed Java. This point of view, man is small, and miniature head-related transfer function space (space reflects the universe), God (Brahman). The main characteristics of mystical doctrine, beliefs and myths to be provided in the educational system guruisme form. Hinduism and Buddhism in this mysterious God-King (Godking) Titising Java support the concept of strengthening the authority of the king. Similarly, the Mahabharata and Ramayana, Java is used as the myth of the hero of the kings of the ancestors, the power of Java in a noble palace mengkeramatkan most effective weapon is the policy of the king. History of propaganda myth puppet king and support the real power and thinner half priyayi dignity to enlarge the main class.
Thus, the mystical philosophy of myth in a culture Javanist, very, very soft and can easily imagine that the roots are beautiful works of artistic expression.
13th century AD, Islam in Indonesia, the first to break it because it was difficult to spread Hindu culture, in the heart of the palace began Javanist acceptable to the great tradition. Thus, the northern coast of Java, particularly along Islamkan forced to start the analysis of the rural community. Illiteracy in rural areas of traditional Hindu culture and ultimately, originally a small Java traditional beliefs can be a great advantage. Language, literature and Arab culture, including the development of religion in particular. Java script is the oldest, to discuss scientific Het Boek can save and send Fanbonan known as the Netherlands. Islamic manuscripts must be written in the 16th century AD, describes the source of Tauhidoarudin Ihya''Ulum and Tuban. So this Ihya ', and best-known books mystical Masyur Java in the 16th century. So the 16th century politics (Demak, Java imagine the establishment of Islamic kingdom), literature and culture of the pesantren easily the great advantage of traditional culture to focus on the Christian religion was Jawahindu Majapahit became. Yet Majapahito empire, political power was key to the kingdom of Demak Javanese Islam.
Historically, Islam and Islam in Indonesia has been hit by the spread of this mystical teaching. The Sunni Muslim syarr'i Sufiisuramu it. In fact, Sunni Muslims (Syari'i) and, as a center of cultural bermulalah Sufiisuramu, the fall of the great 13th century Baghdad that. Indonesia will be sent to Sufism, Islam, religions that teach this course will dimistikkan basic idea is aligned with the religious spirit and vitality. Teaching of Javanese culture, faith in the Hindu kingdom of Java development pedalamannya mysterious as they surely have a coherent logic. In other words, you can establish a direct relationship with the supernatural forces and the human spirit. mystical contemplation, or even better knowledge of the dhikr through the center of the manual (unlike God), or (together) is said to be God to join him back. So the magic question is to improve their spirits farmers invisible spiritual worship of saints is not hidden, and so Sheikuabudurukadiruarugirani.
Similarly, the problem is not registered Javanist Hindu philosophy to manage the elements of Christian and Islamic mystical tradition of aristocratic culture to integrate Javanist Cultural Heritage. For them, the Hindu gods and the only additions and improvements to replace the object mitologinya Wariwariisuramu. Priyayi especially in Java is always important is not political power or the number 1 position, and religion. For them, the second largest religion of the position of religion in the same time there are two problems. This is the attitude of the king to grant the king confessed proudly Buddhist Majapahit Shiva. Therefore, the Oman national power to pass the Majapahit of Demak, Java is a poet now pushing the concept of a transition period. At the age of Kabud (Hindujawa time) from Kewalo. This transition period ends, the myth persists continuously develop engineering Warisanga fairy Jawat (Divine Chair) Javanese Hindu Sanga has changed. Therefore, the interests of political power is absolute. Surutanagunsurakaruta kingdom far, attempts to develop elements of Islam to improve concentration and improve the pre-Islamic cultural heritage, then, the kingdom of Mataram strategy building.
This process activities Javanization elements of Islam, especially poets and writers of cultural strategy elements sufismenya Mataram palace.
Killed, moral and mythological characters from the actual peak of literary greatness Javanist, "Babadi Demak", "Chronicle Giyanti" Fiber Ambiya "," Adam "Chronicle of cover, among others, such as Java and" "are taken into account. Peak Javanist only developed more sophisticated in Mataram rich in myth and mystical literature, mysticism of Java variety of fabrics, "Textile Gatholoco", "Wedhatama", "Wulangreh", "Centhini" Fiber Dewaruci "as such, language and literature feudal nature Java is a product of delicate peak age Mataram, and the old days of Java, the language was simple and democratic than the loss of power menanjaknya Java Koroniarusurakaruta fine for literature in relation to age, the peak is very feudal mystery literature. And 'Java will be offset to maintain the prestige of the king. pengkeramatan through a specific result, the mystical concept allows. Javanist Javanist for Islamic studies and was very complicated. Since the dynamic pedukunannya prewangan Sherman animism belief systems and the maintenance of good mood or concept also mysterious Hindu, 1. Islam integrated company) and the scientific tradition and the dynamism of santetnya spell (tenungnya adopt beliefs and animism to the court aristocracy Javanist A Hindu Java environment, traditions and animist, was developed by the mystery of fixed and dynamic Kejawennya. Developed to support the monarch First Class and noble rules of Islamic culture. tersusupi traditions of animism and dynamism of Islamic society in the view. On the contrary, sufismenya Javanization Javanist Islamic elements, including elements of the process of cultural production is a great tradition.
Islamic culture and Islamic schools, Java was inspired by the teachings of Sufi mystic and beliefs. Black magic and the mystical Sufi culture (associated with the occult). In mid-late 19th century, a new challenge this school of Islamic mysticism and culture, public education Javanist now open in both directions and began to hit the colonial government. Public school education is, of course, as well as direct damage, the mysterious culture, good schools and developing Javanist is rational and scientific thinking is undervalued. The social reform movement began to incorporate the Islamic movement Muhamadiaisuramu advertising reform in 1912, put pesantren, is to return to the pure basis of Sunni Islam called the Koran and the Sunna, and its influence.
In other words, ijtihad institutions to develop, is to restore the rational and scientific thought. Development because it is considered heresy and khufarat sources, how to reform Islam is to deny the teachings of Sufism. Moreover, in the mind the Sunni ideology, in a purely rational and scientific, based on guide to adapt to the modern Western educational systems. Therefore, the reform movement of the great Islamic tradition of supporting the environment and produce fast photo (supporting Islamic scholars can speak in both fields), or general religious studies.
This caused a new college tradition of modern science. Analysis of tradition and bring the community of scholars critical thinking. The new key can talk so much tradition, he analyzes how smart is that you can learn to think critically. Young and independent development of scientific thought. Independence of thought and democratic society, a lot of time at the end of democracy, what the philosophy of individualism. In this regard, it is most people's cultural industry in Indonesia is ready, not in a cultural democracy. This campaign clearly riots and unrest during the elections menyeruaknya continuously since Gorou Gorou of Banyuwangi - santhet problems.
The community continued to be consumed by only talking about vigilantism. As an encounter busy, noisy refornasi movement, the muscles are still visible jegoge HRTF Waton was Adu, then kidnapping has kekrasan vigilant, according to this approach. Matters and saves Santhet rebellion, the most vulnerable populations in Indonesia, Islamic schools are toys to the right, as shown above to undertake other interest groups. most emotional of the spacers until very smooth and easy to cook, this situation demonstrates the alienation of Muslims.
The quotations above, the second century shows four Java to see tribal culture of south India and the intellectual. The myth of national intellectual philosophy and culture of India, to increase the power of God, the King, has been tapped to create a level of scholars and nobles of the court environment. 08:00 09th century intellectual culture as Javanist relief, the Borobudur and Prambanan temples merupakkan menanjaknya religious buildings in the world looks strange. Culture and purification Javanist intercept the ball in the development process of Java element of Hindu scholars.
Teresapi depth that only the top layer of Hindu influence, that the legal environment of noble culture, Javanese kingdoms, farmers practice reading and writing in the plural pes dark, and a study on long-term animism religion. In this review, it should be noted that the assumption that Hinduism, animism and dynamism of faith or parallel lines. That is, the human spirit with God, you can establish a direct relationship with the software. Tapas behavior (abstinence Blatt) can experience unity with God can be very powerful and even people. Therefore, the actual impact of the rich Hindu refers to the influence of spiritual and supernatural powers to improve the performance of the shaman.
Dolls (Mahabharata and Ramayana) in the development literature of the Kingdom of East Java, showed a direct relationship between man and gods.
The literary figure, was given by the human incarnation of God and spirituality, self-nitis Lord Vishnu as Lord Krishna Harjuna Komojoyo can not be described as a reincarnation. This is the basic idea of animism, the spirit or property owned or resignation ketempelan is parallel to the dynamism of the course. Therefore certian stories and the myth of heroic figures and Hindu gods mempercanggih Javanist are improving all the cultural environment. Therefore, the Hindu culture, the intellectual culture of Hinduism behave very well, an important traditional rural culture Javanist Central Valley hills.
Intellectual Hinduism, Buddhism and the intercept, a mystical philosophy led to the Panthers, students are transformed Java. This point of view, man is small, and miniature head-related transfer function space (space reflects the universe), God (Brahman). The main characteristics of mystical doctrine, beliefs and myths to be provided in the educational system guruisme form. Hinduism and Buddhism in this mysterious God-King (Godking) Titising Java support the concept of strengthening the authority of the king. Similarly, the Mahabharata and Ramayana, Java is used as the myth of the hero of the kings of the ancestors, the power of Java in a noble palace mengkeramatkan most effective weapon is the policy of the king. History of propaganda myth puppet king and support the real power and thinner half priyayi dignity to enlarge the main class.
Thus, the mystical philosophy of myth in a culture Javanist, very, very soft and can easily imagine that the roots are beautiful works of artistic expression.
13th century AD, Islam in Indonesia, the first to break it because it was difficult to spread Hindu culture, in the heart of the palace began Javanist acceptable to the great tradition. Thus, the northern coast of Java, particularly along Islamkan forced to start the analysis of the rural community. Illiteracy in rural areas of traditional Hindu culture and ultimately, originally a small Java traditional beliefs can be a great advantage. Language, literature and Arab culture, including the development of religion in particular. Java script is the oldest, to discuss scientific Het Boek can save and send Fanbonan known as the Netherlands. Islamic manuscripts must be written in the 16th century AD, describes the source of Tauhidoarudin Ihya''Ulum and Tuban. So this Ihya ', and best-known books mystical Masyur Java in the 16th century. So the 16th century politics (Demak, Java imagine the establishment of Islamic kingdom), literature and culture of the pesantren easily the great advantage of traditional culture to focus on the Christian religion was Jawahindu Majapahit became. Yet Majapahito empire, political power was key to the kingdom of Demak Javanese Islam.
Historically, Islam and Islam in Indonesia has been hit by the spread of this mystical teaching. The Sunni Muslim syarr'i Sufiisuramu it. In fact, Sunni Muslims (Syari'i) and, as a center of cultural bermulalah Sufiisuramu, the fall of the great 13th century Baghdad that. Indonesia will be sent to Sufism, Islam, religions that teach this course will dimistikkan basic idea is aligned with the religious spirit and vitality. Teaching of Javanese culture, faith in the Hindu kingdom of Java development pedalamannya mysterious as they surely have a coherent logic. In other words, you can establish a direct relationship with the supernatural forces and the human spirit. mystical contemplation, or even better knowledge of the dhikr through the center of the manual (unlike God), or (together) is said to be God to join him back. So the magic question is to improve their spirits farmers invisible spiritual worship of saints is not hidden, and so Sheikuabudurukadiruarugirani.
Similarly, the problem is not registered Javanist Hindu philosophy to manage the elements of Christian and Islamic mystical tradition of aristocratic culture to integrate Javanist Cultural Heritage. For them, the Hindu gods and the only additions and improvements to replace the object mitologinya Wariwariisuramu. Priyayi especially in Java is always important is not political power or the number 1 position, and religion. For them, the second largest religion of the position of religion in the same time there are two problems. This is the attitude of the king to grant the king confessed proudly Buddhist Majapahit Shiva. Therefore, the Oman national power to pass the Majapahit of Demak, Java is a poet now pushing the concept of a transition period. At the age of Kabud (Hindujawa time) from Kewalo. This transition period ends, the myth persists continuously develop engineering Warisanga fairy Jawat (Divine Chair) Javanese Hindu Sanga has changed. Therefore, the interests of political power is absolute. Surutanagunsurakaruta kingdom far, attempts to develop elements of Islam to improve concentration and improve the pre-Islamic cultural heritage, then, the kingdom of Mataram strategy building.
This process activities Javanization elements of Islam, especially poets and writers of cultural strategy elements sufismenya Mataram palace.
Killed, moral and mythological characters from the actual peak of literary greatness Javanist, "Babadi Demak", "Chronicle Giyanti" Fiber Ambiya "," Adam "Chronicle of cover, among others, such as Java and" "are taken into account. Peak Javanist only developed more sophisticated in Mataram rich in myth and mystical literature, mysticism of Java variety of fabrics, "Textile Gatholoco", "Wedhatama", "Wulangreh", "Centhini" Fiber Dewaruci "as such, language and literature feudal nature Java is a product of delicate peak age Mataram, and the old days of Java, the language was simple and democratic than the loss of power menanjaknya Java Koroniarusurakaruta fine for literature in relation to age, the peak is very feudal mystery literature. And 'Java will be offset to maintain the prestige of the king. pengkeramatan through a specific result, the mystical concept allows. Javanist Javanist for Islamic studies and was very complicated. Since the dynamic pedukunannya prewangan Sherman animism belief systems and the maintenance of good mood or concept also mysterious Hindu, 1. Islam integrated company) and the scientific tradition and the dynamism of santetnya spell (tenungnya adopt beliefs and animism to the court aristocracy Javanist A Hindu Java environment, traditions and animist, was developed by the mystery of fixed and dynamic Kejawennya. Developed to support the monarch First Class and noble rules of Islamic culture. tersusupi traditions of animism and dynamism of Islamic society in the view. On the contrary, sufismenya Javanization Javanist Islamic elements, including elements of the process of cultural production is a great tradition.
Islamic culture and Islamic schools, Java was inspired by the teachings of Sufi mystic and beliefs. Black magic and the mystical Sufi culture (associated with the occult). In mid-late 19th century, a new challenge this school of Islamic mysticism and culture, public education Javanist now open in both directions and began to hit the colonial government. Public school education is, of course, as well as direct damage, the mysterious culture, good schools and developing Javanist is rational and scientific thinking is undervalued. The social reform movement began to incorporate the Islamic movement Muhamadiaisuramu advertising reform in 1912, put pesantren, is to return to the pure basis of Sunni Islam called the Koran and the Sunna, and its influence.
In other words, ijtihad institutions to develop, is to restore the rational and scientific thought. Development because it is considered heresy and khufarat sources, how to reform Islam is to deny the teachings of Sufism. Moreover, in the mind the Sunni ideology, in a purely rational and scientific, based on guide to adapt to the modern Western educational systems. Therefore, the reform movement of the great Islamic tradition of supporting the environment and produce fast photo (supporting Islamic scholars can speak in both fields), or general religious studies.
This caused a new college tradition of modern science. Analysis of tradition and bring the community of scholars critical thinking. The new key can talk so much tradition, he analyzes how smart is that you can learn to think critically. Young and independent development of scientific thought. Independence of thought and democratic society, a lot of time at the end of democracy, what the philosophy of individualism. In this regard, it is most people's cultural industry in Indonesia is ready, not in a cultural democracy. This campaign clearly riots and unrest during the elections menyeruaknya continuously since Gorou Gorou of Banyuwangi - santhet problems.
The community continued to be consumed by only talking about vigilantism. As an encounter busy, noisy refornasi movement, the muscles are still visible jegoge HRTF Waton was Adu, then kidnapping has kekrasan vigilant, according to this approach. Matters and saves Santhet rebellion, the most vulnerable populations in Indonesia, Islamic schools are toys to the right, as shown above to undertake other interest groups. most emotional of the spacers until very smooth and easy to cook, this situation demonstrates the alienation of Muslims.
Sunday, June 27, 2010
Kalimantan
Kalimantan
Västra indonesisk Kalimantan on Borneo är Provence Liggan on the Palestinian Authority, Pontiac beribukotakan Oh.
Västra Geografiskt är mellan Kalimantan Provinsen Liggan 108 degrees Celsius for the LS and LS 114.2 6 United mellan Ah 'n serve until March 5 MS.
Den är på Västra totala ytan Provinsen Kalimantan 146 807 square kilometer (7.53% Galler Indonesia). Det är den Fjärde Storstad Provinsen Papua, Kalimantan Kalimantan Centrala Oh Ostra.
Kalimantan Västra som är ett Can Område CLASS Provinsen "Between Rivers". Smeknamnet är med i linje förhållanden geografiska Saad Muhammad sum sum hundratals Oh Oh Can Har Stora flood OFTA Farber. New exploits Stora Fler flood livsnerven Oh är fortfarande even land transport huvudleden Område, Vagenas Infrastruktur or Har Aven Kunnat our store distriktet vehicle parts.
Kalbar AVEN in Marin är liten Område förordningen apprehend men give Ah Har Stora Mohamed Saad dussintals Office of the High Representative (for obebodda flesta) spridda through the Strait of Natuna Karimata Oh Havet, even Provinsen grans Sum Riau.
Total Kalimantan Provinsen befolkning i Västra Aaron numrerade folkräkningen invånare 2000 4,073,430 (1.85% vehicle befolkning Indonesia i).
Dayak history
Västra Kalimantan - Tall - Cultural Center
Dayak history
Dayak inhemsk namn AR in the Palestinian Authority in Borneo. delad capture areas är på varje Borneo Reglero the sum Bester administrative Ostra vehicles Kalimantan Samarinda, capital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan huvudstaden me, I centrala huvudstad Kalimantan, Palangkaraya Pontianak Kalimantan huvudstad Västra Oh.
Gruppe Dayak, for a united service in particular, I SOM Tribal sub-sub-sub-cirka No. 405 (AV atmosphere Wick, 1975). Semi-Stamm Ah varje kultur i varandra Vanor dajakerna Har Likno Kalimantan and sociology at skillnaderna Med hänvisning high kemasyarakatannya Oh, Oh egenskaper Sprakers Coltor. Tidigare sum i samhället Klaas no Dayak tribe, SOM lever ii kustområdena Oh flood bosättningar varje.
Oh, Saad Mohammed Anthropology in Borneo over the fight against discrimination of ethnic Dayak enligt Joe Winter, 1975 Oh Toole Västra sedvanerätt Kalimantan II goats, and the best sex Stora V Mumbling Tribal Sub-total 405 på fördelade Kalimantan. Stark sum tog urbanization utifrån influenser, Oh SOM Marca even vissnesjuka NTT iväg Langre Langre in Inom i Kullar inlandet Borneo vehicles Område Oh God.
Grupp sum of Kalar ett Fran Sage Område Kommer på sum Floda namnet, hjältens namn, namnet Arten Ah Sa på Vidar. Kommer det eftersom flood Fran even exempel Falcon Ivan Iban Tribes and Ursprung (i entity, Ivan vand = funny) vehicles Andhra Kallor silence Kalar SOM på sig-vehicle reservdelar namnet Batang Lupar, Batang Lupar, Kalimantan gränsområdena Med Västra Sarawak, Malaysia. Stem på respekterad Mualang in mycket Fran hämtat namnet in Character (Manok sabung / Bodel), Oh i Tampun Juan förevigat namn blev ett namn i lokal Bäcker Ketungau Sintang area (parliament grund vehicles händelser) namnet gjorde på sedan Oh Mualang Dayak tribe. Bukit Dayak (Kendayan / Ahe) Berget sum härstammar Fran / Jabal take. bakgrund Ursprung Likas Dayak entity, and the commentator, Tamambaloh, Kenyah, Benuag, Andhra Ngaju Oh, AV Som vissa Har Sina Egna Historiska.
Finns det också men inte vet sum Dayak Mumbling ursprunget namnet even på Annan Stam. Namnet 'Dayak' Eller the Authority namnet eksonim är (inte namn sig i samhället Vehicles Division) called the local Ah integration (SOM namnet gemenskapen vehicles själv Management). Kommer Fran Ordet Ordet recreated Dayak betyder sum "uppströms, namn på att the sum Port Eller människor i perhuluan allmänhet landsbygden Kalimantan Kalimantan Oh i Västra synnerhet (OM Aven som är New manga Dayak Samhall Bosatta Oh i stadsdelarna Provence) Har likhet sum in i Heller cultures Oh, Oh fortfarande fast Seder tradition vid.
Har ett annat Centrala med Helt Kalimantan problem vehicles Västra etnicitet i överklagandet Kalimantan. Ethnis Port majoriteten som är centrala ethnis vehicles dajakerna Kalimantan, the Dayak Stamm Storstad Ngaju August Danum, Maanyan, Hamlet, OSV. The field of religion är omväxlande bekänner. Dayak Dayak Kalimantan Muslimska Behall ethnisnya i centrala, liksom konvertera SOM even crystallographic Domen Dayak. Kalimantan Dayak religions inhemska är i centrala Kaharingan, som är den sum ursprungliga religions Feed Ur Det Innan den Kulturen lokala indonesiska Kanner even Folket som är den Första Hindu faith. Stick Hindu Eftersom utbredd i Världen Har Ah framför cover all Indonesia Meyerbeer Kanda-sur-Mer, I vehicle dajakerna jämförelse Med Religions green vehicles Kaharingan den i kategoriseras Hinduism.
Kalimantan Har med Västra Provinsen Unika Sina carmakers förflyttning Eller kultur elle alkurturasi lokalbefolkningen in religion in order Coltor. Detta är processer I fall med dessa VAT intimt förknippade Storstad stammarna i Västra dajakerna Kalimantan, Malaje Kenna Ouch. Ved den sum lever Första Along Coasts nation Kalimantan dajakerna Västra Oh Med crane كولتور tradition, respektive, Oh sedan gujarab muslimska Fran Kommer näringsidkare (arabiska Malaje) Försäljning Oh i att varor Syfte purchasing vehicles even France Dayak samhället Oh, Oh eftersom interagerar of OFTA, genom att ta omväxlande reaction varor Oh, Oh, even Malackasundet Fran (center tidigare Trade), NTT leva i vilket Marca even ett nytt NTT önskan Store Som Har Område kommersiell form possible, even for the DEM.
Detta är samhället med Dayak of invandrare Särskild Attraktion Feed Contact kunskap sum Okanda Ford New York territory. Address OFTA Eftersom Ah Ah det att, dome kulturellt utbyte varor Säljö, vilket blev Coast Leader Västra even trångt Kalimantan, besök vehicles Samhall lokala (Dayak) Fran Oh arabiska Hand Saman Parts Malaje Malackasundet vehicles. det på den för att systemet Dayak religious Tiden människor började påverkas påverkas Som Har Auch vehicles Irish Lace kunskap näringsidkare Malays, Islam only utbildning Religions utifrån Kalimantan. Förhållandet Kurt på Har Eftersom Ratt Satta, Det Finns lokala dajakerna förståelse för Eller sum samhället leaders i gradvis påverkas Gujarat state, and Islam blev da accept distraught Oh Cand i Aaron 1550 AD Tanjung Pura Giri penerintahan på Konungariket sum Kusuma Oh langsam gradvis kerajan vissnesjuka SIG sprida började att i Västra Kalimantan.
Dayak fast fortfarande människor övertygelse Dynamik, Var Finns vissa tror place, and Kalar Sum: jubata, Petara, Ala Tal Penompa Andhra Oh utnämning Högsta för Guds, Oh Da Har fortfarande Andhra vehicles ledning myndigheter under Herrens Högsta: even feed exempel: Puyang gana (Dayak mualang) befälhavare är i landet, juato Kung (härskare through grasp), Karna, "Baba (Armin härskare) Jobata, APET Kuyan'gh (Dayak Mali) Andhra ouch. DEM sum Haller fortfarande fast without ORT och i Dynamik kultur elle six original signal to separerade Mir kepedalaman avlägsna.
Nar Det handful Dayak vehicles cock Samfundet Hadi på grund konverterat vehicles to Islam Mir Aktor äktenskap imitera livsstil The sum sa avance ANSES Haft and distraught Contact I manga Med omvärlden civilization. (Oh Oh Deß enligt Utveckling sedan com-mission missionärerna Christina / Kristna, Interior). I allmänhet Dayak Islam, so I sum Västra Kalimantan Dayak Tribe konverterat ANSES vissna SOM Likno of the vehicles. Infödda fortfarande Sum Dayak Tribe (förfäder Hall övertygelse fast) förflutna i Det, used by NTT of skillnaderna förstärka försökte, Sum Dayak Tribe konverterade Even Islam (på grund Med äktenskap Malaje AV) support the Sage Sum bortglömda melayu.banyak Dayak Tribe Struck Sage Fran Oh identitet sum without religion insatsreglerna anpassade Med. Efter att i sig kustbefolkningen tillgodogöra bosättarna sum Med Dayak Mumbling utvandrade (genom vissna äktenskap Med RANTES) religions from Islam to synonymt är med religions Islam Mir Stam Dan Dan Oh vissna religion övertygelse kristna Eller är i Dynamik Stem Mir Med Dayak.sejalan synonymt urbanization Kalimantan, vilket blev trångt Coast West Kalimantan, eftersom Fler Oh, Oh Fler i ett annat lokala country Zayed besöka migrerande.
för att dessa Hantera Område siffrorna sa för att det personer vissnesjuka anförtro lokala samhället ledare utsedd Eller Penembahan namnet (NTT period in Doba Sum Kung Nybyggarna Ford a bit) penembahan this självständigt Bwindi Område bygger den på ett sum i centrala religious connections antog sammansättningen Governments, NTT Område Oh Behall owner of the shop. Men fire tillfällen Finns Det penembahan förklarade förutsättning under Fran riket NTT ursprungsregioner Sina utbyggnad Eller recreated for vehicles to form säkerheten.
Stick Dayak flyttat even Eller sum sum Har människor gift religions Islam Med Sum invandrade Malaje Sengana Klaas, logga Eller Shosen / Sengana even gold, Oh, no grazing NTT Malaje class. Plockade Derasse of vehicles for service in the United respekterar ledare Zayed ethnisnya Fran Oh Din Oh Har Samma nykomlingar cirkeln karismatisk sum sum i, SOM ledare the absence of SOM Eller respekterar Område ledare.
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Västra indonesisk Kalimantan on Borneo är Provence Liggan on the Palestinian Authority, Pontiac beribukotakan Oh.
Västra Geografiskt är mellan Kalimantan Provinsen Liggan 108 degrees Celsius for the LS and LS 114.2 6 United mellan Ah 'n serve until March 5 MS.
Den är på Västra totala ytan Provinsen Kalimantan 146 807 square kilometer (7.53% Galler Indonesia). Det är den Fjärde Storstad Provinsen Papua, Kalimantan Kalimantan Centrala Oh Ostra.
Kalimantan Västra som är ett Can Område CLASS Provinsen "Between Rivers". Smeknamnet är med i linje förhållanden geografiska Saad Muhammad sum sum hundratals Oh Oh Can Har Stora flood OFTA Farber. New exploits Stora Fler flood livsnerven Oh är fortfarande even land transport huvudleden Område, Vagenas Infrastruktur or Har Aven Kunnat our store distriktet vehicle parts.
Kalbar AVEN in Marin är liten Område förordningen apprehend men give Ah Har Stora Mohamed Saad dussintals Office of the High Representative (for obebodda flesta) spridda through the Strait of Natuna Karimata Oh Havet, even Provinsen grans Sum Riau.
Total Kalimantan Provinsen befolkning i Västra Aaron numrerade folkräkningen invånare 2000 4,073,430 (1.85% vehicle befolkning Indonesia i).
Dayak history
Västra Kalimantan - Tall - Cultural Center
Dayak history
Dayak inhemsk namn AR in the Palestinian Authority in Borneo. delad capture areas är på varje Borneo Reglero the sum Bester administrative Ostra vehicles Kalimantan Samarinda, capital, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan huvudstaden me, I centrala huvudstad Kalimantan, Palangkaraya Pontianak Kalimantan huvudstad Västra Oh.
Gruppe Dayak, for a united service in particular, I SOM Tribal sub-sub-sub-cirka No. 405 (AV atmosphere Wick, 1975). Semi-Stamm Ah varje kultur i varandra Vanor dajakerna Har Likno Kalimantan and sociology at skillnaderna Med hänvisning high kemasyarakatannya Oh, Oh egenskaper Sprakers Coltor. Tidigare sum i samhället Klaas no Dayak tribe, SOM lever ii kustområdena Oh flood bosättningar varje.
Oh, Saad Mohammed Anthropology in Borneo over the fight against discrimination of ethnic Dayak enligt Joe Winter, 1975 Oh Toole Västra sedvanerätt Kalimantan II goats, and the best sex Stora V Mumbling Tribal Sub-total 405 på fördelade Kalimantan. Stark sum tog urbanization utifrån influenser, Oh SOM Marca even vissnesjuka NTT iväg Langre Langre in Inom i Kullar inlandet Borneo vehicles Område Oh God.
Grupp sum of Kalar ett Fran Sage Område Kommer på sum Floda namnet, hjältens namn, namnet Arten Ah Sa på Vidar. Kommer det eftersom flood Fran even exempel Falcon Ivan Iban Tribes and Ursprung (i entity, Ivan vand = funny) vehicles Andhra Kallor silence Kalar SOM på sig-vehicle reservdelar namnet Batang Lupar, Batang Lupar, Kalimantan gränsområdena Med Västra Sarawak, Malaysia. Stem på respekterad Mualang in mycket Fran hämtat namnet in Character (Manok sabung / Bodel), Oh i Tampun Juan förevigat namn blev ett namn i lokal Bäcker Ketungau Sintang area (parliament grund vehicles händelser) namnet gjorde på sedan Oh Mualang Dayak tribe. Bukit Dayak (Kendayan / Ahe) Berget sum härstammar Fran / Jabal take. bakgrund Ursprung Likas Dayak entity, and the commentator, Tamambaloh, Kenyah, Benuag, Andhra Ngaju Oh, AV Som vissa Har Sina Egna Historiska.
Finns det också men inte vet sum Dayak Mumbling ursprunget namnet even på Annan Stam. Namnet 'Dayak' Eller the Authority namnet eksonim är (inte namn sig i samhället Vehicles Division) called the local Ah integration (SOM namnet gemenskapen vehicles själv Management). Kommer Fran Ordet Ordet recreated Dayak betyder sum "uppströms, namn på att the sum Port Eller människor i perhuluan allmänhet landsbygden Kalimantan Kalimantan Oh i Västra synnerhet (OM Aven som är New manga Dayak Samhall Bosatta Oh i stadsdelarna Provence) Har likhet sum in i Heller cultures Oh, Oh fortfarande fast Seder tradition vid.
Har ett annat Centrala med Helt Kalimantan problem vehicles Västra etnicitet i överklagandet Kalimantan. Ethnis Port majoriteten som är centrala ethnis vehicles dajakerna Kalimantan, the Dayak Stamm Storstad Ngaju August Danum, Maanyan, Hamlet, OSV. The field of religion är omväxlande bekänner. Dayak Dayak Kalimantan Muslimska Behall ethnisnya i centrala, liksom konvertera SOM even crystallographic Domen Dayak. Kalimantan Dayak religions inhemska är i centrala Kaharingan, som är den sum ursprungliga religions Feed Ur Det Innan den Kulturen lokala indonesiska Kanner even Folket som är den Första Hindu faith. Stick Hindu Eftersom utbredd i Världen Har Ah framför cover all Indonesia Meyerbeer Kanda-sur-Mer, I vehicle dajakerna jämförelse Med Religions green vehicles Kaharingan den i kategoriseras Hinduism.
Kalimantan Har med Västra Provinsen Unika Sina carmakers förflyttning Eller kultur elle alkurturasi lokalbefolkningen in religion in order Coltor. Detta är processer I fall med dessa VAT intimt förknippade Storstad stammarna i Västra dajakerna Kalimantan, Malaje Kenna Ouch. Ved den sum lever Första Along Coasts nation Kalimantan dajakerna Västra Oh Med crane كولتور tradition, respektive, Oh sedan gujarab muslimska Fran Kommer näringsidkare (arabiska Malaje) Försäljning Oh i att varor Syfte purchasing vehicles even France Dayak samhället Oh, Oh eftersom interagerar of OFTA, genom att ta omväxlande reaction varor Oh, Oh, even Malackasundet Fran (center tidigare Trade), NTT leva i vilket Marca even ett nytt NTT önskan Store Som Har Område kommersiell form possible, even for the DEM.
Detta är samhället med Dayak of invandrare Särskild Attraktion Feed Contact kunskap sum Okanda Ford New York territory. Address OFTA Eftersom Ah Ah det att, dome kulturellt utbyte varor Säljö, vilket blev Coast Leader Västra even trångt Kalimantan, besök vehicles Samhall lokala (Dayak) Fran Oh arabiska Hand Saman Parts Malaje Malackasundet vehicles. det på den för att systemet Dayak religious Tiden människor började påverkas påverkas Som Har Auch vehicles Irish Lace kunskap näringsidkare Malays, Islam only utbildning Religions utifrån Kalimantan. Förhållandet Kurt på Har Eftersom Ratt Satta, Det Finns lokala dajakerna förståelse för Eller sum samhället leaders i gradvis påverkas Gujarat state, and Islam blev da accept distraught Oh Cand i Aaron 1550 AD Tanjung Pura Giri penerintahan på Konungariket sum Kusuma Oh langsam gradvis kerajan vissnesjuka SIG sprida började att i Västra Kalimantan.
Dayak fast fortfarande människor övertygelse Dynamik, Var Finns vissa tror place, and Kalar Sum: jubata, Petara, Ala Tal Penompa Andhra Oh utnämning Högsta för Guds, Oh Da Har fortfarande Andhra vehicles ledning myndigheter under Herrens Högsta: even feed exempel: Puyang gana (Dayak mualang) befälhavare är i landet, juato Kung (härskare through grasp), Karna, "Baba (Armin härskare) Jobata, APET Kuyan'gh (Dayak Mali) Andhra ouch. DEM sum Haller fortfarande fast without ORT och i Dynamik kultur elle six original signal to separerade Mir kepedalaman avlägsna.
Nar Det handful Dayak vehicles cock Samfundet Hadi på grund konverterat vehicles to Islam Mir Aktor äktenskap imitera livsstil The sum sa avance ANSES Haft and distraught Contact I manga Med omvärlden civilization. (Oh Oh Deß enligt Utveckling sedan com-mission missionärerna Christina / Kristna, Interior). I allmänhet Dayak Islam, so I sum Västra Kalimantan Dayak Tribe konverterat ANSES vissna SOM Likno of the vehicles. Infödda fortfarande Sum Dayak Tribe (förfäder Hall övertygelse fast) förflutna i Det, used by NTT of skillnaderna förstärka försökte, Sum Dayak Tribe konverterade Even Islam (på grund Med äktenskap Malaje AV) support the Sage Sum bortglömda melayu.banyak Dayak Tribe Struck Sage Fran Oh identitet sum without religion insatsreglerna anpassade Med. Efter att i sig kustbefolkningen tillgodogöra bosättarna sum Med Dayak Mumbling utvandrade (genom vissna äktenskap Med RANTES) religions from Islam to synonymt är med religions Islam Mir Stam Dan Dan Oh vissna religion övertygelse kristna Eller är i Dynamik Stem Mir Med Dayak.sejalan synonymt urbanization Kalimantan, vilket blev trångt Coast West Kalimantan, eftersom Fler Oh, Oh Fler i ett annat lokala country Zayed besöka migrerande.
för att dessa Hantera Område siffrorna sa för att det personer vissnesjuka anförtro lokala samhället ledare utsedd Eller Penembahan namnet (NTT period in Doba Sum Kung Nybyggarna Ford a bit) penembahan this självständigt Bwindi Område bygger den på ett sum i centrala religious connections antog sammansättningen Governments, NTT Område Oh Behall owner of the shop. Men fire tillfällen Finns Det penembahan förklarade förutsättning under Fran riket NTT ursprungsregioner Sina utbyggnad Eller recreated for vehicles to form säkerheten.
Stick Dayak flyttat even Eller sum sum Har människor gift religions Islam Med Sum invandrade Malaje Sengana Klaas, logga Eller Shosen / Sengana even gold, Oh, no grazing NTT Malaje class. Plockade Derasse of vehicles for service in the United respekterar ledare Zayed ethnisnya Fran Oh Din Oh Har Samma nykomlingar cirkeln karismatisk sum sum i, SOM ledare the absence of SOM Eller respekterar Område ledare.
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Toraja traditional architecture in Indonesia
Toraja traditional architecture of Indonesia, the image of the model. You ... The wooden building is the view of the large building. In fact, House has the ability to store rice. This building is a mixture of colors and designs are similar to the Toraja in the actual house. All colors, natural colors, paint colors. A gift from our point of view of the house color. Toraja word poem, "Nature is full of color decorate the house" is commonly used. Toraja city with its cultural heritage pieces and the color scheme of the icon.
Toraja traditional house tool Toraja Toraja traditional houses of the House, gebyok, Joglar, files, home repairs, new home, gebyok homes, traditional homes, villages Toraja, Toraja culture and the traditional architecture, traditional houses, buildings and traditional weapons in Bali Construction , Indonesia Toraja Toraja Toraja traditional symbols of traditional houses in the usual model of a house, wooden house, a traditional dish in Toraja Toraja Toraja Toraja Toraja house home building architecture defined indinesia + Toraja traditional houses cache: 6EYPCiXSTdwJ: www.gebyok.com / Java Traditional Wooden Pyramid Design House lawakan. trajumas housing types to html Indonesian traditional Toraja, house design and functionality of existing
Toraja traditional house tool Toraja Toraja traditional houses of the House, gebyok, Joglar, files, home repairs, new home, gebyok homes, traditional homes, villages Toraja, Toraja culture and the traditional architecture, traditional houses, buildings and traditional weapons in Bali Construction , Indonesia Toraja Toraja Toraja traditional symbols of traditional houses in the usual model of a house, wooden house, a traditional dish in Toraja Toraja Toraja Toraja Toraja house home building architecture defined indinesia + Toraja traditional houses cache: 6EYPCiXSTdwJ: www.gebyok.com / Java Traditional Wooden Pyramid Design House lawakan. trajumas housing types to html Indonesian traditional Toraja, house design and functionality of existing
Wednesday, June 23, 2010
West Kalimantan
History
Kakawin Nagarakretagama (1365), the West Kalimantan after the Majapahit, call after Singhasari Bakulapura conquered. Weather, because it was conquered by the Hindu American Banya, Hikayat Banja (1663) and samba Sukadanabatanrawa countries (the ancient name of the Kapuas River) said. October 20 Surutanbanya Tamjidullah 1756 VOC's are under Sanggau again I can help Sintang and Lawa. Land application of swine Sukadana March 26, 1778, 10 Dutch companies found Sultan. VOC is an area they originally belong. Punishment of that year, the first VOC Alkadri Purinsusurutanabudurusharifuoranda are owned by the Dutch in Pontianak district. In 1789, the Sultan of the country occupied Dutch East India Company was assisted kongs Ran Yoshi Mempawah paying Pontianak. Surutanbanya in the May 4, 1826, the barley Shintanrawa Adam (Melawi) manages and distributes the Dutch East Indies colony. In 1855 the country joined the samba of the Dutch East Indies.
Not based on the governor, when the Dutch East Indies government's order, published in 1938, the STB's. 352, among other things, the regulations, which Banrejidenti Westerafdeeling are two apartments which is a division of capital, given that the government administrative capital of the region Boruneobanjarumashin, the Pontianak, Borneo, the governor led.
Independent state on Borneo was officially on January 1, 1957 WK island, December 7, 1956, 25 years was based on the 1956 Act. Law has served as a basis for the formation of two regions of the other islands of the archipelago's largest. These two states, South Kalimantan, and East Kalimantan.
In the West Kalimantan region lived in urban migrants and other indigenous Dayak and Sumatra in Indonesia, and China. Dayak tribe of big words that profile, and Malay Tionghoa, the number is 90% of the population of West Kalimantan is over. The Bugis, Javanese, Madurese, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Batak and 10 percent are of other tribes such as less than.
Dayak tribe configuration •: (1) Kendayan Gloves (2) Ibanic Grove (3) Gloves Bidoih (KIDOH - Madeh), (4) Banuaka Grove (5) Kayaanic Grove (6) is independent of Kell Danamudayakugurupu OOT The tribes that have a family.
Including:
First Iban (Ibanic)
Bidayuh tribes (Bidoih) said
The third race Seberuang (Ibanic)
4. The Mualang (Ibanic) National
Kendayan Fifusuesunikku
Sixth group of Mali
Sekujam Sebunsuesunikku
8 Sekubang ethnic
National Sleep (Ibanic) 9
Ethnic Ketungau (Ibanic) 10
Folk Village 11 (Ibanic)
12 ° Hovongan Party (Kayanic)
Ethnic 13 Kereho Uheng (Kayanic)
14th replacement cycle
Ethnic 15 Badat
16 Esunikkubarai
Ethnic Bugau (Ibanic) 17
18 Bukat (Kayanic) National
19 Galik (Bidoih) National
Gun parts 20 (Bidoih)
Changanpati 21 (Bidoih)
Opacity of the nation 22 (Banuaka)
Kayan Tribe 23
Ethnic diversity 24 (Kayaanic)
Ethnic Sound 25 (Ibanic)
The 26 ethnic Kerama
27 Klemantan ethnic
Ethnic Post 28
Ethnic Point 29
30 Ethnic Hair
The 31 Ribun (Bidoih) National
32 Cempedek ethnic
33 ethnic
34 Darok ethnic
Ethnic 35 Kopaka
36 Koyon ethnic
Lara, ethnicity (Kendayan) 37
38 Senunang ethnic
Ethnic Sisang 39th
Ethnic Sintang 40
41 Ethnic Suhaid (Ibanic)
42 Sungkung people (Bidayuh)
43 Ethnic limba
44 Mayau ethnic
遅緩. Ethnic Mentebak
46 people thought
Mayuko 47th tribe of the River
48th Esunikkusangau
49 Sunni tribes
50 Sekajang ethnic
Quick 51st ethnic
52 Selimpat ethnic
53 Folk Village
54 Embaloh the (Banuaka) National
55 Empayuh ethnic
56 Engkarong ethnic
57 Ensanang ethnic
58 Menyanya ethnic
59 Merau ethnic
Ethnic opening 60
Ethnic Muduh 61
Ethnic 62nd Mulook
63 Esunikkugaban
64 Ngalampan ethnic
65 Ngamukit ethnic
Ethnic Nganayat 66th
Panu 67 people
68 Pengkedang ethnic
69 Pompang ethnic
70 family joy
Tell the family 71
72 Tábuas ethnic
Ethnic Park 73
74 Tingui ethnic
Sac • Senganan (Ibanic Muslims)
• ethnic Malay
Others:
Banja before family
According to the ethnic Pesaguan,
Sadobugisu
4. Sundanese
Fifusujawa
Shikkusumadura
Seventh Minang tribe
Batak 08
Ninth and
• Tionghoa
First customer
According to the tide,
Third, etc.
Traditional weapons ====
Unique features, the type of sword with a carved sword, and discrimination and swipe Kerith, spear, stick arms
Kakawin Nagarakretagama (1365), the West Kalimantan after the Majapahit, call after Singhasari Bakulapura conquered. Weather, because it was conquered by the Hindu American Banya, Hikayat Banja (1663) and samba Sukadanabatanrawa countries (the ancient name of the Kapuas River) said. October 20 Surutanbanya Tamjidullah 1756 VOC's are under Sanggau again I can help Sintang and Lawa. Land application of swine Sukadana March 26, 1778, 10 Dutch companies found Sultan. VOC is an area they originally belong. Punishment of that year, the first VOC Alkadri Purinsusurutanabudurusharifuoranda are owned by the Dutch in Pontianak district. In 1789, the Sultan of the country occupied Dutch East India Company was assisted kongs Ran Yoshi Mempawah paying Pontianak. Surutanbanya in the May 4, 1826, the barley Shintanrawa Adam (Melawi) manages and distributes the Dutch East Indies colony. In 1855 the country joined the samba of the Dutch East Indies.
Not based on the governor, when the Dutch East Indies government's order, published in 1938, the STB's. 352, among other things, the regulations, which Banrejidenti Westerafdeeling are two apartments which is a division of capital, given that the government administrative capital of the region Boruneobanjarumashin, the Pontianak, Borneo, the governor led.
Independent state on Borneo was officially on January 1, 1957 WK island, December 7, 1956, 25 years was based on the 1956 Act. Law has served as a basis for the formation of two regions of the other islands of the archipelago's largest. These two states, South Kalimantan, and East Kalimantan.
In the West Kalimantan region lived in urban migrants and other indigenous Dayak and Sumatra in Indonesia, and China. Dayak tribe of big words that profile, and Malay Tionghoa, the number is 90% of the population of West Kalimantan is over. The Bugis, Javanese, Madurese, Minangkabau, Sundanese, Batak and 10 percent are of other tribes such as less than.
Dayak tribe configuration •: (1) Kendayan Gloves (2) Ibanic Grove (3) Gloves Bidoih (KIDOH - Madeh), (4) Banuaka Grove (5) Kayaanic Grove (6) is independent of Kell Danamudayakugurupu OOT The tribes that have a family.
Including:
First Iban (Ibanic)
Bidayuh tribes (Bidoih) said
The third race Seberuang (Ibanic)
4. The Mualang (Ibanic) National
Kendayan Fifusuesunikku
Sixth group of Mali
Sekujam Sebunsuesunikku
8 Sekubang ethnic
National Sleep (Ibanic) 9
Ethnic Ketungau (Ibanic) 10
Folk Village 11 (Ibanic)
12 ° Hovongan Party (Kayanic)
Ethnic 13 Kereho Uheng (Kayanic)
14th replacement cycle
Ethnic 15 Badat
16 Esunikkubarai
Ethnic Bugau (Ibanic) 17
18 Bukat (Kayanic) National
19 Galik (Bidoih) National
Gun parts 20 (Bidoih)
Changanpati 21 (Bidoih)
Opacity of the nation 22 (Banuaka)
Kayan Tribe 23
Ethnic diversity 24 (Kayaanic)
Ethnic Sound 25 (Ibanic)
The 26 ethnic Kerama
27 Klemantan ethnic
Ethnic Post 28
Ethnic Point 29
30 Ethnic Hair
The 31 Ribun (Bidoih) National
32 Cempedek ethnic
33 ethnic
34 Darok ethnic
Ethnic 35 Kopaka
36 Koyon ethnic
Lara, ethnicity (Kendayan) 37
38 Senunang ethnic
Ethnic Sisang 39th
Ethnic Sintang 40
41 Ethnic Suhaid (Ibanic)
42 Sungkung people (Bidayuh)
43 Ethnic limba
44 Mayau ethnic
遅緩. Ethnic Mentebak
46 people thought
Mayuko 47th tribe of the River
48th Esunikkusangau
49 Sunni tribes
50 Sekajang ethnic
Quick 51st ethnic
52 Selimpat ethnic
53 Folk Village
54 Embaloh the (Banuaka) National
55 Empayuh ethnic
56 Engkarong ethnic
57 Ensanang ethnic
58 Menyanya ethnic
59 Merau ethnic
Ethnic opening 60
Ethnic Muduh 61
Ethnic 62nd Mulook
63 Esunikkugaban
64 Ngalampan ethnic
65 Ngamukit ethnic
Ethnic Nganayat 66th
Panu 67 people
68 Pengkedang ethnic
69 Pompang ethnic
70 family joy
Tell the family 71
72 Tábuas ethnic
Ethnic Park 73
74 Tingui ethnic
Sac • Senganan (Ibanic Muslims)
• ethnic Malay
Others:
Banja before family
According to the ethnic Pesaguan,
Sadobugisu
4. Sundanese
Fifusujawa
Shikkusumadura
Seventh Minang tribe
Batak 08
Ninth and
• Tionghoa
First customer
According to the tide,
Third, etc.
Traditional weapons ====
Unique features, the type of sword with a carved sword, and discrimination and swipe Kerith, spear, stick arms
Monday, June 21, 2010
West Kalimantan
West Kalimantan province of Borneo in Indonesia is located, is beribukotakan Pontianak.
Geographically, West Kalimantan, 108 ° ~ 114 ° between BT and companies such as BT, two or º 6 'N º 3, which is in 5'LS.
The total area of West Kalimantan 807,146 km ² (7.53% of Indonesia's Square). He is the fourth province of Papua, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.
1000 West Kalimantan River region is an area called. Nick can do is a geography based, you can move large and small rivers, often hundreds. Road infrastructure, most accessible areas, but still some major rivers, an important area intern, is a main route.
small part of the western province of Kalimantan, the water of the sea, but the large and small islands (most uninhabited) Natuna Sea is to spread throughout the ruling majority Karimata Strait, the border of Riau.
The total population of 4073430 people in the 2000 census, West Kalimantan (the Indonesian population of 1.85%).
Dayak stories
West Kalimantan - Tradition - Culture
Dayak stories
The name of the indigenous Dayak of Borneo. Borneo, in some areas include a separate control for each province: the capital of Samarinda in East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan capital of Pontianak and Banjarmasin share capital of Palangkaraya.
Dayakugurupu are divided into tribes, groups of about 405 JU Lontaan south in 1975 (to). Each subgroup was similar in Kalimantan Dayak have a culture and tradition, social and cultural differences kemasyarakatannya, the characteristics of the language and culture are turning. Currently, municipalities, so far as the Dayak tribes who live in coastal settlements and rivers.
Ethnic, cultural anthropology Boruneodayaku the book of laws and customs of Western Kalimantan, JU Lontaan The group consists of 405 small tribe of South Kalimantan through six major tribes in 1975 as a response. For example, the city adopted a strong influence from the outside, and to integrate all areas of Borneo and inland Hills and Far Away, leading to their extinction.
They call the group home on the name of the river in my area, the name of the protagonist, and the name of nature. For example, said the origin of the Iban, Ivan (the Kayan, the foreign Ivan), but also Lupari Supeabatan They call themselves the name itself comes from other sources, the river Batang Lupari, Sarawak and the West from the border of Kalimantan, Malaysia letters Mualang family (the name of respect sabung / executions MANOK) Tampun Juah applied for the event on behalf of a persistent current local Ketungau Sintang name (), and the Dayak tribes and then made a name Mualang. The Dayakubukitto (Kendayan is / Ahe), Hill / mountain derived from onions. Even the origin of the strain Dayakukayan sleep, Tamambaloh, Kenyah, Benuag, Ngaju speak other and in the background.
But knowing the Dayak tribes named after his master again. The name "Dayak is" or "power" is the name eksonim (company name not given), but not endonim name (the name of the municipality.) Dayak words of power, means "upstream, and perhuluan these rural Kalimantan and West Kalimantan sum, especially (but still in many urban and rural Dayakukomyuniti), who lives in the next What customs and cultural traditions and the tradition holds to this day.
Central Kalimantan, there is a very different problem in the treatment of people in West Kalimantan. Central Kalimantan ethnis Ethnis lives of the majority of the Dayak, the largest Dayak tribe has Ngaju, OT Dunham, Maanyan, "Hamlet" is like. Their religion is very diverse. Muslim Dayak in Central Kalimantan, Dayak, conversion to Islam for ethnisnya Dayakukirisuto same applies. Religion in Central Kalimantan Dayak Kaharingan tribe, the first religion of the Indonesian population in the local culture, the religion of knowledge of the original birth certificate Hinduism. Indonesia, shared the world's widest range meyebar mostly Hindu, as compared to the Dayak religion, religion in Kaharingan branches of Hinduism.
West Kalimantan, communities and cultures alkurturasi has its own process of cultural and religious movements. In this case, these processes are intimately West Kalimantan Dayak is connected to two main tribes of the Malays and Chinese. These are often the first country in the West Coast for the interaction Karimantandayaku live in exchange their culture and traditions, and gujarab Muslim (Arabic Malay), operator of the sale of products Dayakukomyuniti live, taking the product to operate, the Straits of Malacca (The Mall in the past) the new field with great potential for trade in favor of their desire and are able to live.
This is a special attraction for immigrants Dayakukomyuniti contact with a foreign country with new knowledge. It is a process of cultural interaction and exchange of many goods, closer to the coast of Kalimantan lead West, visited the Murray region from the Strait of Malacca (Dayak) from Arab traders. Dayak people of interest groups and Malaysian religious systems were started and know the knowledge, education, influenced by the Islamic religion of Borneo. Reports correctly, and then the Dayak community in Gujarat was in line with the dealers who are affected gradually, the Islamic religion adopted and recognized by the slow ad space kerajan Tanpurajirikusuma extended annually until 1550 hours penerintahan West Kalimantan gradually.
For example, Ghana mualang Puyang (the Dayak) Champion of the earth, the king Juata (ruler of the waters), Baba Kama (military leaders), Uehata, APET Kuyan'gh (Dayakumari) and others. The cultural dynamics of his faith and his people for membership, they are further separated by kepedalaman.
Some Dayakukomyuniti life was considered the most advanced civilizations in contact with the outside world to participate more in marriage in Islam, as a converted imitation. (And the Mission Christian missionaries and Christian and their development in response to internal). , Dayak, and converted to Islam in West Kalimantan, in the opinion of the Dayak tribe is usually lower. During his new religion, but they try, the differences (hold beliefs of our ancestors) can be strengthened in the past, the Dayak tribe, Muslim (Malay for marriage) melayu.banyak Dayak tribe is listed as a forgotten ID Masu native Dayak tribes and customs and rules of interaction. After the founding of the coastal population), Islam (wilted Dayak tribal marriage in question is absorbed migration, drying and knees, and the Christian religion in general Dayak.sejalan tribes of Borneo with the city, coast Karimantanuesuto Associated What Islamic religious beliefs are associated with the dynamics of the results , the participants visited other countries as a region and more crowded.
Number of people in these areas has been appointed the head or the confidence of the community (settlers) in the region on the structure of the central government basis the religious name of independent living penembahan little king, who was a leader Penembahan assigned to the support area in the generally maintained. But penembahan the time, is the department concerned for safety requirements said to the kingdom or power to expand.
The religion of Islam and the sea / Murray called the input Senganan, Dayak people move or login senganan immigrants, and now they say, call the Murray. There are people to choose their leaders, so ethnisnya new religions have the same charisma of a circle, their village or neighborhood, as a leader that they respect the leader.
Geographically, West Kalimantan, 108 ° ~ 114 ° between BT and companies such as BT, two or º 6 'N º 3, which is in 5'LS.
The total area of West Kalimantan 807,146 km ² (7.53% of Indonesia's Square). He is the fourth province of Papua, East Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.
1000 West Kalimantan River region is an area called. Nick can do is a geography based, you can move large and small rivers, often hundreds. Road infrastructure, most accessible areas, but still some major rivers, an important area intern, is a main route.
small part of the western province of Kalimantan, the water of the sea, but the large and small islands (most uninhabited) Natuna Sea is to spread throughout the ruling majority Karimata Strait, the border of Riau.
The total population of 4073430 people in the 2000 census, West Kalimantan (the Indonesian population of 1.85%).
Dayak stories
West Kalimantan - Tradition - Culture
Dayak stories
The name of the indigenous Dayak of Borneo. Borneo, in some areas include a separate control for each province: the capital of Samarinda in East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan capital of Pontianak and Banjarmasin share capital of Palangkaraya.
Dayakugurupu are divided into tribes, groups of about 405 JU Lontaan south in 1975 (to). Each subgroup was similar in Kalimantan Dayak have a culture and tradition, social and cultural differences kemasyarakatannya, the characteristics of the language and culture are turning. Currently, municipalities, so far as the Dayak tribes who live in coastal settlements and rivers.
Ethnic, cultural anthropology Boruneodayaku the book of laws and customs of Western Kalimantan, JU Lontaan The group consists of 405 small tribe of South Kalimantan through six major tribes in 1975 as a response. For example, the city adopted a strong influence from the outside, and to integrate all areas of Borneo and inland Hills and Far Away, leading to their extinction.
They call the group home on the name of the river in my area, the name of the protagonist, and the name of nature. For example, said the origin of the Iban, Ivan (the Kayan, the foreign Ivan), but also Lupari Supeabatan They call themselves the name itself comes from other sources, the river Batang Lupari, Sarawak and the West from the border of Kalimantan, Malaysia letters Mualang family (the name of respect sabung / executions MANOK) Tampun Juah applied for the event on behalf of a persistent current local Ketungau Sintang name (), and the Dayak tribes and then made a name Mualang. The Dayakubukitto (Kendayan is / Ahe), Hill / mountain derived from onions. Even the origin of the strain Dayakukayan sleep, Tamambaloh, Kenyah, Benuag, Ngaju speak other and in the background.
But knowing the Dayak tribes named after his master again. The name "Dayak is" or "power" is the name eksonim (company name not given), but not endonim name (the name of the municipality.) Dayak words of power, means "upstream, and perhuluan these rural Kalimantan and West Kalimantan sum, especially (but still in many urban and rural Dayakukomyuniti), who lives in the next What customs and cultural traditions and the tradition holds to this day.
Central Kalimantan, there is a very different problem in the treatment of people in West Kalimantan. Central Kalimantan ethnis Ethnis lives of the majority of the Dayak, the largest Dayak tribe has Ngaju, OT Dunham, Maanyan, "Hamlet" is like. Their religion is very diverse. Muslim Dayak in Central Kalimantan, Dayak, conversion to Islam for ethnisnya Dayakukirisuto same applies. Religion in Central Kalimantan Dayak Kaharingan tribe, the first religion of the Indonesian population in the local culture, the religion of knowledge of the original birth certificate Hinduism. Indonesia, shared the world's widest range meyebar mostly Hindu, as compared to the Dayak religion, religion in Kaharingan branches of Hinduism.
West Kalimantan, communities and cultures alkurturasi has its own process of cultural and religious movements. In this case, these processes are intimately West Kalimantan Dayak is connected to two main tribes of the Malays and Chinese. These are often the first country in the West Coast for the interaction Karimantandayaku live in exchange their culture and traditions, and gujarab Muslim (Arabic Malay), operator of the sale of products Dayakukomyuniti live, taking the product to operate, the Straits of Malacca (The Mall in the past) the new field with great potential for trade in favor of their desire and are able to live.
This is a special attraction for immigrants Dayakukomyuniti contact with a foreign country with new knowledge. It is a process of cultural interaction and exchange of many goods, closer to the coast of Kalimantan lead West, visited the Murray region from the Strait of Malacca (Dayak) from Arab traders. Dayak people of interest groups and Malaysian religious systems were started and know the knowledge, education, influenced by the Islamic religion of Borneo. Reports correctly, and then the Dayak community in Gujarat was in line with the dealers who are affected gradually, the Islamic religion adopted and recognized by the slow ad space kerajan Tanpurajirikusuma extended annually until 1550 hours penerintahan West Kalimantan gradually.
For example, Ghana mualang Puyang (the Dayak) Champion of the earth, the king Juata (ruler of the waters), Baba Kama (military leaders), Uehata, APET Kuyan'gh (Dayakumari) and others. The cultural dynamics of his faith and his people for membership, they are further separated by kepedalaman.
Some Dayakukomyuniti life was considered the most advanced civilizations in contact with the outside world to participate more in marriage in Islam, as a converted imitation. (And the Mission Christian missionaries and Christian and their development in response to internal). , Dayak, and converted to Islam in West Kalimantan, in the opinion of the Dayak tribe is usually lower. During his new religion, but they try, the differences (hold beliefs of our ancestors) can be strengthened in the past, the Dayak tribe, Muslim (Malay for marriage) melayu.banyak Dayak tribe is listed as a forgotten ID Masu native Dayak tribes and customs and rules of interaction. After the founding of the coastal population), Islam (wilted Dayak tribal marriage in question is absorbed migration, drying and knees, and the Christian religion in general Dayak.sejalan tribes of Borneo with the city, coast Karimantanuesuto Associated What Islamic religious beliefs are associated with the dynamics of the results , the participants visited other countries as a region and more crowded.
Number of people in these areas has been appointed the head or the confidence of the community (settlers) in the region on the structure of the central government basis the religious name of independent living penembahan little king, who was a leader Penembahan assigned to the support area in the generally maintained. But penembahan the time, is the department concerned for safety requirements said to the kingdom or power to expand.
The religion of Islam and the sea / Murray called the input Senganan, Dayak people move or login senganan immigrants, and now they say, call the Murray. There are people to choose their leaders, so ethnisnya new religions have the same charisma of a circle, their village or neighborhood, as a leader that they respect the leader.
Friday, May 28, 2010
Central Sulawesi
History
Before falling into the hands of the Dutch East Indies government in Central Sulawesi, 15 in the UK a government under the leadership of the king of the realm no central Sulawesi, '7 and 8 in the history of England, known as the West, the Byzantine Empire.
Since 1905 the Central Sulawesi district of the Dutch East Indies are all in the hands of the government, the British government of the Netherlands 7-8 in the east and west of Landschap - Landschap, Government Center, the Netherlands East Indies, including cross-promise:
A. Ppojoppojoui retji
2. Overall length in Wiang
Three. Dojo in Ampana
4. Iceland 1 - ONE of the
5. In Bungku Bungku
Six. Forest Kolonodale
7. In Banggai Luwuk
Eight. Crisp
9. In Tinombo Moutong
10. In Tawaeli Tawaeli
11. Dongara Banawa
12. Friends of Friends
13. Toyo / road Biromaru
14. In Kulawi Kulawi
15. In Tolitoli Tolitoli
Development, while the Dutch East Indies fell back to the state Sulawesi, Indonesia, the state and the three forces in the region, Central Sulawesi (3) divided into sections ie:
A. West of Central Sulawesi, Banggai and Tolitoli ppojo District covers an area of baohru. This section of the Law No. 29, 1959 Level II area of Sulawesi was based settings.
2. Central Sulawesi, Central (tomini 10,000), living in Manado in North Sulawesi, was signed a week. 1919 Central Sulawesi, North Sulawesi region of the entrance to all areas of Karesidenen goals. 1940 Central Sulawesi Afdeeling Afdeeling dongara 7:02 0:15, including the upcoming Afdeeling are separated.
Three. Central East (The Bay) Karesedenan smells of Sulawesi in the east into the region.
Government Act regulations in place for two years years 1964, 1964 ppojo District Central Sulawesi, the four districts dongara Banggai district first space Bao Lu and Tolitoli. Free State and the State, the most important central Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi in court without an independent and established for 13 years after the creation date in 1964 will be remembered as the birthday of Central Sulawesi.
In the area of the central government issued policies through legal jereul requested extended area of reform during the development of corporate governance and tutunan 11, 2000 in accordance with the law several changes 1951 1999 バオールリージェンシー, Morowali and Banggai Islands in the definition. Law 10 in 2002 and then back to the government of Central Sulawesi regency 2 new districts in Paris, Moutong Tojo A - A formation. Now, according to county District 10 area partitioning, that is, is 9 divided into the current 1:00.
Central Sulawesi, including rivers, streams, Ari tinggu Gumbasa friends known as the country with some rivers are Lariang. In addition, the lake has been well-known tourist attractions, namely the Lake Lindu Lake ppojogwa.
Central Sulawesi, nature reserves, nature reserves, and unique flora and fauna conservation in the protected forest area code of the past is the subject of research for scientists and natural.
Friends, is the capital of Central Sulawesi. 10,000 Friends is located in the city, two in the valley to the sea on pparupparu and divided by the current.
[The] government Edit
[Group] demonstrate editing
No Reykjavik
1 Banggai
Luwuk
2 Banggai Islands
Banggai
Baohru 3
Ohkusen
4 dongara
Dongara
Morowali 5 구
Bungku
6, Paris Moutong
Paris
Ppojodiseutorikuto 7
Pposo
Club 8
Ampana
東リ - 東リ 9
東リ - 東リ
Sigidiseutorikuto 10
Even Biromaru
11 friends
-
Central Sulawesi base 15 ethnic groups and tribes, comprising:
A.凯里 people who live in the district and the city pparudongara
2. Kulawi people living in the region dongara
Three. Ward S. Figueroa coordinate live in ppojo
4. Ppojo ppamona people living in
5. Morowali people living in the woods
Six. Bungku Morowali ethnic residents
7. Banggai Regency nation and the lives Saluan Loinang
Eight. Balantak people living in the Regency of Banggai
9. Mamas people living in the Regency of Banggai
10. Banggai Regency ethnic groups live hum
11. People come back to Earth San Bare'e
12. Residents of the nation Banggai Banggai Islands
13. Eseunitkubaohrubaohru area residents
14. Tolitoli people Tolitoli district
15. People who live in the Paris area tomini Moutong
16. People who live in Dampal Dampal Tolitoli
17. Only the people of costume [money [Tolitoli district]
18. Ethnic Pendau Tolitoli district residents
19. Dampelas people in [[dongara] live on the earth
More than 12 different tribes in the country, such as lack dongara Da'a in the mountains, Morowali traps are power prices and Banggai SeaSea baohru Tolitoli. Central Sulawesi, the lack of interaction between society, people in the country as a command language to communicate using the language daily in Indonesia eoreul about 22 different languages, but it can.
In addition to the base of Central Sulawesi, Bali, Java, West ヌサトゥンガラ week, East ヌサトゥンガラ transmigrants living in the country. Central seurawesibugiseu, Maca, 4 LE, Tiger and the other nations in Indonesia since the 19th century is as much living space is spread nation's immigration. Most of the Muslims, other Christians, Hindu and Buddhist population of 2,128,000 people in the region. Religious tolerance and a strong mutual aid is part of a high level of social life.
U.S. agriculture as the main crop is the main source of useful information. Coffee, coconuts, cocoa, clove trade and forest products like rattan agatis that seeds of trees, ebony and meranti Central Sulawesi is a pillar of the different types.
People who live in rural areas as well as head of government as head of the mayor leading face. President Aboriginal traditional laws and penalties for violations of Buffalo. Typically, a friendly and sincere people often unconsciously white chicken, rice, eggs, wine, fermented in the ceremony to welcome the guests will be stored in a bamboo.
[A] cultural editing
Central Sulawesi has passed from generation to generation is a different culture. Traditions of these people's lives every day in the next life will be preserved. The old belief that modern cultural heritage and the influence of religion will be implemented in various forms of impact.
Many forms the center of the island Sulawesi, and in so many differences between the two countries than is typical for a harmonious society. People in the community with your money, the LA west coast of South Sulawesi, Bugis with potatoes and gorontarokomyunitiyieotda alive. Sulawesi Island, east of Managua gorontaro is gorontaro Bualemo very dominant in the local dialect, and the impact of the distribution is the ratio of Luwuk.
In addition, the influence of western Sumatra, as a wedding decoration. Dongara textile tradition of the Christian heritage is hanging batkuhingdu. Donga LA coordinator, Watusampu, friends and drag Tawaeli Banawa Center. Daburuyikatto technology system is a special model, Bali, India, Japan can still be found.
Mountain communities have their own culture and lack of a strong tiger, the South Sulawesi will be affected. However, traditions, customs, clothing, architecture models, unlike the tiger family in Cairo clothing mulberry bark and the wood used. Central Sulawesi, a traditional home-made wooden walls and Shilla is a large rooms. While residential tanbieun Duhunga leaves and rooms and rooms used for ceremonies and rituals. In addition, the barn back to Gampiri.
Europe as a model for a strong and gloves to the thread of life, blouses keraba Kim. Tau and the crown on his head seems to affect Europe in the UK. Banjyara knee-length dress, embroidered dress, Fri fact men. 铊 gorgeous silk dress with stretch in the chest behind the head, gloves, costume complete with a live diselip.
[It] art editor
Music and Central Sulawesi region of the different dances. Traditional music with a flute, the Causeway and north instruments. Entertainment News is the tool rather than as part of religious ceremonies. The people along the west coast region - Carts - traditional music - in this case to show a sense of death. This works the crowd more as a means for young people to find partners that have been developed for the popular. When you see a lot of dance derived from the religious festival.
Deroppamona famous public dance community, district and community derived from ppojo Kulawi the dongara County will continue. Dance for a special exception, when the harvest season, Shower rooms welcoming ceremony, holiday displays. Deroneun a dog, a man and woman holding hands and dancing in a circle to form one. This dance is not genetic, but my Japanese occupation of Indonesia during World War II is the norm.
[A] religious Edit
Central Sulawesi, the majority of the population converted to Islam. Muslim population, recorded 72.36% 24.51% converted to Christianity and 3:00 in 13%, Hindus and Buddhists have embraced. Popular Muslim Datuk Karama Central Sulawesi West Sumatra Dosa-ri Foreign scientists have succeeded in 42 of Aldjufri ldrus - Alkhairaat is a school teacher.
Christian missionaries first ppojo dongara South Holland District and AC is distributed and Adrian Cruyt.
[A] climate Edit
Create a tropical climate in the northern part of Central Sulawesi over the equator. But some islands of Sumatra, Java and Bali in April, as opposed to the September 42, Central Sulawesi, the dry season, wet season from March to October. The average rainfall is 3000 mm, annual rainfall of 800 that contains the most different in Indonesia.
The temperature is 31 ℃ ~ 25 plains and beaches at 71-76% humidity level was at 42 Temperatures in the mountains 16-22 "Celsius can be reached.
[The flora] and animals to edit
Sulawesi border region, the plants and animals in Asia, depending on the stage in Asia and the border with Kalimantan directory, different from plants or animals, but ohseutorariahppappuah Oceania, and the island of East Timor. Wallacea unique flora and fauna in this area is the online virtual Wallace's line, and the theory of evolution as Darwin and Wallace helped found the height is limited to researchers in the UK. Sulawesi is a different animal. The animals of this island, a typical dwarf buffalo as Bobby Russa a "head and her mouth, Tarsier, Sulawesi tonkena monkeys, marsupials, the teeth have a color Fukuroi Jimenez Miss LA Holloway when troops of the animal type as a bad hot sand, the proliferation As.
Sulawesi forest governance is another unique feature of the tree with the nuts offer a large Sunda Islands (rododenron species) dominated by agatis. Diversity of plants and animals is the subject of scientific research and evaluation. Plants and animals, such as Loa Lindu National Park, established national parks and nature reserves and nature reserves Morowali, to Cape Town nature reserves protect the last wild fire and is Bangkiriang.
Conventional weapons
Blue (Gunma)
Before falling into the hands of the Dutch East Indies government in Central Sulawesi, 15 in the UK a government under the leadership of the king of the realm no central Sulawesi, '7 and 8 in the history of England, known as the West, the Byzantine Empire.
Since 1905 the Central Sulawesi district of the Dutch East Indies are all in the hands of the government, the British government of the Netherlands 7-8 in the east and west of Landschap - Landschap, Government Center, the Netherlands East Indies, including cross-promise:
A. Ppojoppojoui retji
2. Overall length in Wiang
Three. Dojo in Ampana
4. Iceland 1 - ONE of the
5. In Bungku Bungku
Six. Forest Kolonodale
7. In Banggai Luwuk
Eight. Crisp
9. In Tinombo Moutong
10. In Tawaeli Tawaeli
11. Dongara Banawa
12. Friends of Friends
13. Toyo / road Biromaru
14. In Kulawi Kulawi
15. In Tolitoli Tolitoli
Development, while the Dutch East Indies fell back to the state Sulawesi, Indonesia, the state and the three forces in the region, Central Sulawesi (3) divided into sections ie:
A. West of Central Sulawesi, Banggai and Tolitoli ppojo District covers an area of baohru. This section of the Law No. 29, 1959 Level II area of Sulawesi was based settings.
2. Central Sulawesi, Central (tomini 10,000), living in Manado in North Sulawesi, was signed a week. 1919 Central Sulawesi, North Sulawesi region of the entrance to all areas of Karesidenen goals. 1940 Central Sulawesi Afdeeling Afdeeling dongara 7:02 0:15, including the upcoming Afdeeling are separated.
Three. Central East (The Bay) Karesedenan smells of Sulawesi in the east into the region.
Government Act regulations in place for two years years 1964, 1964 ppojo District Central Sulawesi, the four districts dongara Banggai district first space Bao Lu and Tolitoli. Free State and the State, the most important central Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi in court without an independent and established for 13 years after the creation date in 1964 will be remembered as the birthday of Central Sulawesi.
In the area of the central government issued policies through legal jereul requested extended area of reform during the development of corporate governance and tutunan 11, 2000 in accordance with the law several changes 1951 1999 バオールリージェンシー, Morowali and Banggai Islands in the definition. Law 10 in 2002 and then back to the government of Central Sulawesi regency 2 new districts in Paris, Moutong Tojo A - A formation. Now, according to county District 10 area partitioning, that is, is 9 divided into the current 1:00.
Central Sulawesi, including rivers, streams, Ari tinggu Gumbasa friends known as the country with some rivers are Lariang. In addition, the lake has been well-known tourist attractions, namely the Lake Lindu Lake ppojogwa.
Central Sulawesi, nature reserves, nature reserves, and unique flora and fauna conservation in the protected forest area code of the past is the subject of research for scientists and natural.
Friends, is the capital of Central Sulawesi. 10,000 Friends is located in the city, two in the valley to the sea on pparupparu and divided by the current.
[The] government Edit
[Group] demonstrate editing
No Reykjavik
1 Banggai
Luwuk
2 Banggai Islands
Banggai
Baohru 3
Ohkusen
4 dongara
Dongara
Morowali 5 구
Bungku
6, Paris Moutong
Paris
Ppojodiseutorikuto 7
Pposo
Club 8
Ampana
東リ - 東リ 9
東リ - 東リ
Sigidiseutorikuto 10
Even Biromaru
11 friends
-
Central Sulawesi base 15 ethnic groups and tribes, comprising:
A.凯里 people who live in the district and the city pparudongara
2. Kulawi people living in the region dongara
Three. Ward S. Figueroa coordinate live in ppojo
4. Ppojo ppamona people living in
5. Morowali people living in the woods
Six. Bungku Morowali ethnic residents
7. Banggai Regency nation and the lives Saluan Loinang
Eight. Balantak people living in the Regency of Banggai
9. Mamas people living in the Regency of Banggai
10. Banggai Regency ethnic groups live hum
11. People come back to Earth San Bare'e
12. Residents of the nation Banggai Banggai Islands
13. Eseunitkubaohrubaohru area residents
14. Tolitoli people Tolitoli district
15. People who live in the Paris area tomini Moutong
16. People who live in Dampal Dampal Tolitoli
17. Only the people of costume [money [Tolitoli district]
18. Ethnic Pendau Tolitoli district residents
19. Dampelas people in [[dongara] live on the earth
More than 12 different tribes in the country, such as lack dongara Da'a in the mountains, Morowali traps are power prices and Banggai SeaSea baohru Tolitoli. Central Sulawesi, the lack of interaction between society, people in the country as a command language to communicate using the language daily in Indonesia eoreul about 22 different languages, but it can.
In addition to the base of Central Sulawesi, Bali, Java, West ヌサトゥンガラ week, East ヌサトゥンガラ transmigrants living in the country. Central seurawesibugiseu, Maca, 4 LE, Tiger and the other nations in Indonesia since the 19th century is as much living space is spread nation's immigration. Most of the Muslims, other Christians, Hindu and Buddhist population of 2,128,000 people in the region. Religious tolerance and a strong mutual aid is part of a high level of social life.
U.S. agriculture as the main crop is the main source of useful information. Coffee, coconuts, cocoa, clove trade and forest products like rattan agatis that seeds of trees, ebony and meranti Central Sulawesi is a pillar of the different types.
People who live in rural areas as well as head of government as head of the mayor leading face. President Aboriginal traditional laws and penalties for violations of Buffalo. Typically, a friendly and sincere people often unconsciously white chicken, rice, eggs, wine, fermented in the ceremony to welcome the guests will be stored in a bamboo.
[A] cultural editing
Central Sulawesi has passed from generation to generation is a different culture. Traditions of these people's lives every day in the next life will be preserved. The old belief that modern cultural heritage and the influence of religion will be implemented in various forms of impact.
Many forms the center of the island Sulawesi, and in so many differences between the two countries than is typical for a harmonious society. People in the community with your money, the LA west coast of South Sulawesi, Bugis with potatoes and gorontarokomyunitiyieotda alive. Sulawesi Island, east of Managua gorontaro is gorontaro Bualemo very dominant in the local dialect, and the impact of the distribution is the ratio of Luwuk.
In addition, the influence of western Sumatra, as a wedding decoration. Dongara textile tradition of the Christian heritage is hanging batkuhingdu. Donga LA coordinator, Watusampu, friends and drag Tawaeli Banawa Center. Daburuyikatto technology system is a special model, Bali, India, Japan can still be found.
Mountain communities have their own culture and lack of a strong tiger, the South Sulawesi will be affected. However, traditions, customs, clothing, architecture models, unlike the tiger family in Cairo clothing mulberry bark and the wood used. Central Sulawesi, a traditional home-made wooden walls and Shilla is a large rooms. While residential tanbieun Duhunga leaves and rooms and rooms used for ceremonies and rituals. In addition, the barn back to Gampiri.
Europe as a model for a strong and gloves to the thread of life, blouses keraba Kim. Tau and the crown on his head seems to affect Europe in the UK. Banjyara knee-length dress, embroidered dress, Fri fact men. 铊 gorgeous silk dress with stretch in the chest behind the head, gloves, costume complete with a live diselip.
[It] art editor
Music and Central Sulawesi region of the different dances. Traditional music with a flute, the Causeway and north instruments. Entertainment News is the tool rather than as part of religious ceremonies. The people along the west coast region - Carts - traditional music - in this case to show a sense of death. This works the crowd more as a means for young people to find partners that have been developed for the popular. When you see a lot of dance derived from the religious festival.
Deroppamona famous public dance community, district and community derived from ppojo Kulawi the dongara County will continue. Dance for a special exception, when the harvest season, Shower rooms welcoming ceremony, holiday displays. Deroneun a dog, a man and woman holding hands and dancing in a circle to form one. This dance is not genetic, but my Japanese occupation of Indonesia during World War II is the norm.
[A] religious Edit
Central Sulawesi, the majority of the population converted to Islam. Muslim population, recorded 72.36% 24.51% converted to Christianity and 3:00 in 13%, Hindus and Buddhists have embraced. Popular Muslim Datuk Karama Central Sulawesi West Sumatra Dosa-ri Foreign scientists have succeeded in 42 of Aldjufri ldrus - Alkhairaat is a school teacher.
Christian missionaries first ppojo dongara South Holland District and AC is distributed and Adrian Cruyt.
[A] climate Edit
Create a tropical climate in the northern part of Central Sulawesi over the equator. But some islands of Sumatra, Java and Bali in April, as opposed to the September 42, Central Sulawesi, the dry season, wet season from March to October. The average rainfall is 3000 mm, annual rainfall of 800 that contains the most different in Indonesia.
The temperature is 31 ℃ ~ 25 plains and beaches at 71-76% humidity level was at 42 Temperatures in the mountains 16-22 "Celsius can be reached.
[The flora] and animals to edit
Sulawesi border region, the plants and animals in Asia, depending on the stage in Asia and the border with Kalimantan directory, different from plants or animals, but ohseutorariahppappuah Oceania, and the island of East Timor. Wallacea unique flora and fauna in this area is the online virtual Wallace's line, and the theory of evolution as Darwin and Wallace helped found the height is limited to researchers in the UK. Sulawesi is a different animal. The animals of this island, a typical dwarf buffalo as Bobby Russa a "head and her mouth, Tarsier, Sulawesi tonkena monkeys, marsupials, the teeth have a color Fukuroi Jimenez Miss LA Holloway when troops of the animal type as a bad hot sand, the proliferation As.
Sulawesi forest governance is another unique feature of the tree with the nuts offer a large Sunda Islands (rododenron species) dominated by agatis. Diversity of plants and animals is the subject of scientific research and evaluation. Plants and animals, such as Loa Lindu National Park, established national parks and nature reserves and nature reserves Morowali, to Cape Town nature reserves protect the last wild fire and is Bangkiriang.
Conventional weapons
Blue (Gunma)
Saturday, May 8, 2010
Dayak poor traditionnelles
Sticks, ou mieux connu sous le nom est l'une sipet central Kalimantan des armes utilisées par la tribu Dayak ou de la société et autour Melayu.Berbentuk 2-3 cm de diamètre 5 Janvier Février to 5 m de long, le diamètre du trou central trous ¼ - ¾ cm, qui est utilisé pour permettre aux enfants de pointe sumpitan.Pada pinces travaille objectifs shell, means of petit que comme un diamant viseur d'un montant de 5.3 pouces. Dans le trou à l'entrée du center de la barre de bâtons enfant. Dans la baguette supérieure au viseur cibles avant d'équipe ou copies sangkoh (s Dayak). Sangkoh montagne de pierre, puis à égalité avec rejoindre en osier ROTIN ().
En termes de ses avantages a sipet utilization, car il peut être utilisé comme une poor à distance, et il ne pas la nature parce que détruit les matériaux utilisé pour produire du matériel à base de bâtonnets est juste que le feu alami.Kelebihan peut atteindre 218 200 mètres ou verges.
Généralement, le type de bois pour la fabrication d'arbres de recherche pinces, Ironwood ou tabalien, resak.Tak bois plepek Tamiang lamiang oublier ou quel type de bambou, qui sont petites, segments, long, difficile, et comprend un compte. Aucun peuple ont tous l'expérience de faire of appels Interurbain poor in.Di sipet Bornéo, Seul quelques personnes qui ont une expertise dans la production de barres d'Ergothérapie Danum Dayak, Punani, Laitue Kayan, Bach, le déjeuner et le Dayak Pasir .
peut se faire Decisions Sipet de deux manière, d'abord avec la capacité des Fabricants. Une autre façon, et en utilisant la puissance de la nature pour exploiter la puissance de la cascade d'eau qui a le flux de type créé de moulins à vent padi.Harga sipet ventes sont de Mortier déterminé par la loi, ou pour les entrées dont jipen Halama taheta.
Sipet usage principal est un outil pour la chasse, même si elle peut être utilisées comme une poor lors d'armes berperang.Sebagai, il est d'une balle qui équipe est dans les trous et les insere jeta à la cible à l'aide soufflé à la bouche.
Il existe deux types de balles.
Le premier type est première fait d'argile dans un état de semi-humid formé de petites boules de la taille of trous, généralement utilisé pour les courtes distances (5 mètres) pour de petits animaux comme les chasser Écureuils et les oiseaux Volent bas.
Un autre type de 2ème balle qui est appel ou lahes Damek, comme une flèche de bambou aiguisé, et à l'arrière Montés flottant morceau de bois pour la direction controller, plus ou moins la même fonction avec plumes d'oie associé à de badminton (boule de badminton). Lahes en grandes quantité, dans stockées the tubes qui sont de bambou remplis de liquide, de mai ou au poison des animaux sauvages, même si ça fait mal le corps d'un petit animal sera directement à partir de la cible. Communément utilisé pour la chasse hewanyang lahes supérieur, par example, des Cerfs, the Antilopes et des primates (singes, par example, etc) qui dans les grands arbres vivaient.
3e Une chose unique, c'est quand vous avez la baguette Tourné levée par la cible allez entender quelque chose qui rend l'objectif de savoir où la source d'origine de l'attaque. C'est différent à feu ou d'une poor poor.
Selon 4ème ou les croyances Dayak bar sipet ne pas être utilisé pour doit tuer un homme. Ou peut être utilisé Sipet bâtons pour un usage quotidien, comme la chasse. Sipet ou l'abstinence peut ne pas dans la réduction de la machetes encore moins, parce que les moyens si elle est faite qui enfreignent la loi, qui peut conduire à des auteurs seront à des réunions poursuivis regulate.
5e actuellement, les enfants en milieu rural du Kalimantan Dayaks jouent souvent à l'aide chaque Manœuvre "baguette-pipe, the petites balles d'argile de bambou. Bien que le seul moyen pour les jeux sur ordinateur, mais parfois la terre des balles est souvent involontaire, et le corps des ennemis.
En termes de ses avantages a sipet utilization, car il peut être utilisé comme une poor à distance, et il ne pas la nature parce que détruit les matériaux utilisé pour produire du matériel à base de bâtonnets est juste que le feu alami.Kelebihan peut atteindre 218 200 mètres ou verges.
Généralement, le type de bois pour la fabrication d'arbres de recherche pinces, Ironwood ou tabalien, resak.Tak bois plepek Tamiang lamiang oublier ou quel type de bambou, qui sont petites, segments, long, difficile, et comprend un compte. Aucun peuple ont tous l'expérience de faire of appels Interurbain poor in.Di sipet Bornéo, Seul quelques personnes qui ont une expertise dans la production de barres d'Ergothérapie Danum Dayak, Punani, Laitue Kayan, Bach, le déjeuner et le Dayak Pasir .
peut se faire Decisions Sipet de deux manière, d'abord avec la capacité des Fabricants. Une autre façon, et en utilisant la puissance de la nature pour exploiter la puissance de la cascade d'eau qui a le flux de type créé de moulins à vent padi.Harga sipet ventes sont de Mortier déterminé par la loi, ou pour les entrées dont jipen Halama taheta.
Sipet usage principal est un outil pour la chasse, même si elle peut être utilisées comme une poor lors d'armes berperang.Sebagai, il est d'une balle qui équipe est dans les trous et les insere jeta à la cible à l'aide soufflé à la bouche.
Il existe deux types de balles.
Le premier type est première fait d'argile dans un état de semi-humid formé de petites boules de la taille of trous, généralement utilisé pour les courtes distances (5 mètres) pour de petits animaux comme les chasser Écureuils et les oiseaux Volent bas.
Un autre type de 2ème balle qui est appel ou lahes Damek, comme une flèche de bambou aiguisé, et à l'arrière Montés flottant morceau de bois pour la direction controller, plus ou moins la même fonction avec plumes d'oie associé à de badminton (boule de badminton). Lahes en grandes quantité, dans stockées the tubes qui sont de bambou remplis de liquide, de mai ou au poison des animaux sauvages, même si ça fait mal le corps d'un petit animal sera directement à partir de la cible. Communément utilisé pour la chasse hewanyang lahes supérieur, par example, des Cerfs, the Antilopes et des primates (singes, par example, etc) qui dans les grands arbres vivaient.
3e Une chose unique, c'est quand vous avez la baguette Tourné levée par la cible allez entender quelque chose qui rend l'objectif de savoir où la source d'origine de l'attaque. C'est différent à feu ou d'une poor poor.
Selon 4ème ou les croyances Dayak bar sipet ne pas être utilisé pour doit tuer un homme. Ou peut être utilisé Sipet bâtons pour un usage quotidien, comme la chasse. Sipet ou l'abstinence peut ne pas dans la réduction de la machetes encore moins, parce que les moyens si elle est faite qui enfreignent la loi, qui peut conduire à des auteurs seront à des réunions poursuivis regulate.
5e actuellement, les enfants en milieu rural du Kalimantan Dayaks jouent souvent à l'aide chaque Manœuvre "baguette-pipe, the petites balles d'argile de bambou. Bien que le seul moyen pour les jeux sur ordinateur, mais parfois la terre des balles est souvent involontaire, et le corps des ennemis.
Thursday, May 6, 2010
Protohistory
history of Indonesia about 50 million years of prehistory to cover a long period of time Java type '"However, before you start. historical period in Indonesia can be divided into five years: the pre-colonial Java and Sumatra, Indian Buddhism large dependence on colonial trade, the emergence of Muslim countries, especially Europe Netherlands Introduction () is half of the century twentieth of the date of the 17th century Dutch colony main spice in 3.5 wants century, when independence, after independence, Indonesia (1945) and the fall of Sukarno (1966) first. New era of order, 32 years, the Suharto regime (1966 -1998) as well as the reform period has lasted until today.
Prehistoric
Indonesian geological region today when some Pleistocene, about her appearance still connected to Asia. The first settlers from Java man known in the region time before 500,000 years. Indonesian archipelago, formed after the Ice Age when the ice melted.
pre-colonial
Indian scholars and Dwipantara Dwipa Jawahindu Christian kingdoms of Java, Sumatra, wrote about 200. Master Tarumanagara England about 400 years of West Java. 425 years, Buddhism has become a territory. The European Renaissance, Java, Sumatra and Java Sriwijaya Kingdom and Majapahit two great Sumatra, and has inherited thousands of years civilizations in western Java island, the British civilization Tarumanagara Sunda Kingdom inherit.
Indian Buddhist kingdom
In the 4th century until the 7th century, the area of West Java, Sunda Tarumanagara characters are Indian Buddhist kingdom until the 16th century by the United Kingdom. During the seventh century to the 14th century, the Buddhist kingdom of Sriwijaya in Sumatra has grown rapidly. Gin of about 670 visits to China, the capital of Palembang. At the height of his fame, Srivijaya, West Java and the Malay Peninsula as a control. The 14th century, East Java, has seen the birth of the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit. Patih Majapahit period 1331-1364, Mada, mainly from Indonesia and now, land, almost all of the Malay Peninsula, was able to get the power on. Mada period, including the codification of law and Javanese culture, like the epic "inherited from the Ramayana can be seen."
Islamic empire
Islam, as the presence of the Indonesian Government for the 12th century, Islam in Indonesia, actually arrived in the 7th century AD. At that time, the international nature trail to make, passing through the Strait of Malacca linking China's Tang dynasty Srivijaya Umayyads and West Asia and Southeast Asia from the seventh century. According to sources in the third quarter of 7th century, China was the leader of the Arab traders along the coast of Sumatra Musurimuarabu. Islam also maintains the current political system. 100 This is, of course, AH (718 AD) in the name of Jambi Umaruibunabuduruajizukarifa Indravarman III Kingusuriuijaya may explain Islam a letter 'to `I sent Baniiyakarifu, sent this question it is. Read a letter: "King of Kings", and in mammalian cells is also the wife of thousands of King where two rivers, the irrigation of its territory, the King of thousands of elephants, a nephew of thousands of descendants aloe trees, spices, perfume, the scent of lemon nutmeg and camphor Arabs, before God, to reach the 12 miles to the king not to associate other gods.
I told him, but friendship, the gift is a gift not only marks will be sent. Should I tell the guides who will be able to teach Islamic law. 720 BC, King Indravarman III, originally Hindus and Muslims. Sribuza Suriuijayajanbi known Islamic name "Two years later, that unfortunately, in the year 730 AD Suriuijayasuriuijayaparenban the Jambi is still captured according to Buddhism.
Mengokoh Islamic institutions and continues to bring political Islam. For example, the Muslim sultan Sultan on behalf of a calendar Peureulak was founded in the year 225H 839M 24:11. Another example is the kingdom of Ternate. Islands mark Islam in 1440, was introduced to this kingdom. Their king, the shadow of uranium Muslim name.
Semikin Islam Sultan later spread his teachings, the assimilation of the population, an important sixteenth-century Java, please replace the last of the Hindu faith Sumatra. Most of the Hindu Balinese to maintain only. East, the church, Christianity, and 17 in the 16th century Muslim cleric known for, and participate actively, and now has a majority of two of these islands religion.
Propagation of Islam / Muslim government, in this case came from outside of Indonesia as a publicity push and trade relations with the island, the defenders of the mission after that, went to feed themselves and their families, supporters through this Preach Trade also work with native merchants, with the spread of Islam in this, as these operators, transport and other residents, like most manufacturers and experienced British Empire, taking as the first Muslim to adopt a new religion. Oman / United Kingdom, the United Samudorapasai sea, and the importance of establishing diplomatic relations with 10 European countries and Oman, Yogja Igirisumataramu / a Central Java, East and Oman Omanterunate Tidore is Marc.
Dutch Colonial
Now the Dutch in 1602, little by little, the land in Indonesia, a small village in the name of Majapahit, which used a different rule. Only a Portuguese Timor, Portugal in 1975, leaving control is included in the state called East Timor, Indonesia has no effect. Indonesia, the Netherlands nearly 350 years, except for a short period after the Anglo-Dutch Wars in England, a small part of Indonesia, Java is controlled by the Japanese occupation period During the Second World War. In colonial Indonesia, the Netherlands and Dutch East Indies became rich colonial power in the world. 350 years of Dutch colonial rule because it is a myth for some people, the territory of Aceh after the Dutch conquest in bankruptcy.
Los Angeles
Dutch East India Trading Company directly with the Dutch government and 18 of the 17th century Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Verenigde Oostindische Company or VOC) was not known as a control. LOS trade in 1602 and given exclusive rights to the colonial activities in the Dutch parliament. Its headquarters is in Batavia, now Jakarta.
VOC main purpose was to protect the monopoly of the spice trade of the archipelago. This not only through the spice islands of the population use or threat of violence, non-Dutch are trying to negotiate with the knowledge that no one resident. For example, the population of the island to sell Vanda seeds, nutmeg more traders are British, and Dutch troops have been killed, and then click the group, all expel create nutmeg plantations and slavery civil servants working in the island. Los Angeles, this time of domestic politics in Java, and are involved in, war Mataram participants, including leaders of Banten.
The VOC went bankrupt in the late 18th century, after the Dutch government in 1816 Tomasusutanfodoraffuruzu VOC was under British rule took a short property. Java Java successful revolt was suppressed in 1830 by the war 1825. After the system implementation 1830, known as cultuurstelsel the Netherlands came to be applied. In this system, residents and tea, global demand in the market at that time were forced to put the results of the coffee plantations. The yield was exported. These systems, its rich executing authority - the Netherlands, therefore, Indonesia, at the time of this system and the growing monopoly of the state, more freely, which was abolished in 1870.
In 1901, political change and indigenous Dutch ethical policies that contain most of the growth in investment in education (in Dutch: Ethische policy) was adopted calling. Governor-General JB Van Heutsz government in the Dutch East Indies Dutch East Indies, to extend its direct colonial rule, and lay the groundwork for the current state of Indonesia.
nationalist movement
In 1905, the first nationalist movement, the Union] [Islam was founded in 1908, Budiutomo] followed by the nationalist movement to continue. Holland said repressive measures after the First World War. Tribal leaders in small groups of young professionals and students who arrive in the Netherlands consists of some well-educated. These first Indonesian president, Sukarno, including, political activities, many of his detention.
World War II
In May 1940, at the beginning of World War II, the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Dutch East Indies, and declared a state of siege will be redirected to the U.S. and UK exports to Japan in July. failure of negotiations with Japan to ensure the supply of aviation fuel in 1941 and began the conquest of Southeast Asia in December 2005 the Japanese. That same month, Japan Sumatra factions, the Dutch revolt against the government. Last Dutch troops in Japan was defeated in March 1942.
Japan was
In July 1942, Sukarno, the Japanese campaign has released a proposal agreed to form a government to meet the needs of the Japanese. Soekarno Hatta, Kyai Muhammad and the Emperor of Japan decorated in 1943. However, the experience here in the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and not vary according to human life and social status in one. important people in war torture, sexual slavery, as well as arbitrary detention and execution, we invite you to live in other areas are considered war crimes. Indonesian - Netherlands, a mixture of Japanese occupation for which the Netherlands.
Indonesia (BPUPKI) in March 1945 under the Japanese way of preparation for independent research firms. The first meeting of May Soepomo history of national unity, private Muhanmadoyamin is both a new state of Sarawak, Sabah, Malaysia, Portuguese Timor, but go to the Dutch East Indies suggested that while there, before the war.
Sukarno and Hatta September 8, 1945 Wediodiningrat Radjiman was delivered to the temple to meet Marshal Vietnam. They destroyed the Japanese armed forces in Japan is 24, said he wanted independence from Indonesia.
time independent
News, Japan, in order to determine the hearing of human rights in August 16 Sukarno, the "declaration" that the next day. The news of declaration of radio propagation and flyers during the war, the Indonesian army, ground forces (PETA), young people and defense of others went to support the persistence of Sukarno immediately.
On August 18, 1945, the Preparatory Commission, the independence of Indonesia (PPKI) served as vice president under the Constitution to be used in a couple of days ago and Mohamadohatta Sukarno as president. Was interim parliament until after the elections, the Central Indonesian National Committee (Knip) is determined. Group August 31, announced the new government, the Republic of Indonesia, the number consists of eight states: Sumatra, Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, except the territory of Brunei), West Java, Central Java, East Java, Sulawesi, Marc (including Papua), East Nusaisuto.
Revolutionary War
From 1945 to 1949, the Australian Association of the oceans, should be allowed to change the power Colonial Dutch logistics necessary to ship materials to all Dutch companies to understand the independence conflict.
Dutch efforts to return to power, has faced strong resistance. Java, the Dutch forces home as soon took over the colonial capital of Batavia, as a result of Yogyakarta, the capital of the nation to do so. Four years of war and negotiation, Queen Juliana, the federal government of the Netherlands, 27 December 1949, after the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia (27 December 1949 on the day), please consult the article. In 1950, Indonesia was a member of the United Nations 60.
Parliamentary democracy
Soon after, the parliamentary system in Indonesia, where the Council has approved a new law, which consists of elected Congress and accountability. In the first national meeting of the party, after the first election in 1955 to build a stable coalition government, because it is difficult.
The role of Islam in Indonesia has become a complex task. Some Islamic groups, including the part of an Islamic state and the law that requires Muslims to give to Islamic law, preferably, Sukarno, prefer a secular state based on Pancasila.
Democracy Guide
Sumatra, Sulawesi, West Java and other islands failed uprising began in 1958, not the National Assembly drafted a new constitution, weakened the parliamentary system in Indonesia. As a result, the interim constitution gives the president broad powers to President Sukarno in 1959 1.945 unilaterally, the resurrection, can not face many obstacles.
From 1959 1965, President Sukarno dictatorship of managed democracy "under the pretext governed." Indonesia also has non-aligned countries, colonies and ex-large rejected the formal alliance with the Soviet Union the West regarding the policy that is supported by leaders of the country, has changed its foreign policy. Bandung, West Java, leaders, meeting in 1955, the fund was created after the Non-Aligned Movement summit in Asia and Africa.
Late 1950 and 1960, the Indonesian Communist Party and the country closer to Asian communist Sukarno (PKI) to move the country. PKI, the Soviet Union the world's largest communist party in China, was out of public financing, Communist Party, ideological obedience, and other countries that have not.
Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation
Sukarno on the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, is a "neo-colonialist" example in Britain is to promote local businesses. The formation of the Federation of Malaysia, has extended the influence of Western countries in Asia, the difference between England and Australia is to influence policy in Asia. Brazil, Malaysia is not a member of the UN Security Council UN tetab decisions based on the recognition of the sovereignty of President Sukarno in 1965 and the new power conference announced his retirement from the United Nations on January 20, Indonesia (CONEFO) established to counter the United Nations and the Olympic Ganuf counter. Between the Indonesian military, Malaysia (which has helped the UK) to fight this fight will be.
Irian Jaya, the fate of West Papua conflict
Independent, the Dutch government, the West New Guinea (Irian) Island, on 1 December and hold power, in 1961 government ministries and the same measurements can Declaration of Independence.
negotiations for a merger between the Netherlands and the region of Indonesia, Indonesian paratroopers before his unsuccessful battle with the Dutch and Indonesian troops landed in 1961 and 1962 December 18, New Guinea. In 1962, the United States, Indonesia, agreed to create a secret meeting with New York in August 1962 agreement, putting pressure on the Netherlands, Indonesia, took his hands terhadapa power Irian Jaya on May 1, 1963 L '.
Exercise 30 9 / PKI for S-G30
Until 1965, the adoption of PKI is Sukarno's campaign largely dominated organization was established to strengthen public support for "regime of Sukarno, and in support of arming the" fifth generation has begun to create. Oppose military.
Prehistoric
Indonesian geological region today when some Pleistocene, about her appearance still connected to Asia. The first settlers from Java man known in the region time before 500,000 years. Indonesian archipelago, formed after the Ice Age when the ice melted.
pre-colonial
Indian scholars and Dwipantara Dwipa Jawahindu Christian kingdoms of Java, Sumatra, wrote about 200. Master Tarumanagara England about 400 years of West Java. 425 years, Buddhism has become a territory. The European Renaissance, Java, Sumatra and Java Sriwijaya Kingdom and Majapahit two great Sumatra, and has inherited thousands of years civilizations in western Java island, the British civilization Tarumanagara Sunda Kingdom inherit.
Indian Buddhist kingdom
In the 4th century until the 7th century, the area of West Java, Sunda Tarumanagara characters are Indian Buddhist kingdom until the 16th century by the United Kingdom. During the seventh century to the 14th century, the Buddhist kingdom of Sriwijaya in Sumatra has grown rapidly. Gin of about 670 visits to China, the capital of Palembang. At the height of his fame, Srivijaya, West Java and the Malay Peninsula as a control. The 14th century, East Java, has seen the birth of the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit. Patih Majapahit period 1331-1364, Mada, mainly from Indonesia and now, land, almost all of the Malay Peninsula, was able to get the power on. Mada period, including the codification of law and Javanese culture, like the epic "inherited from the Ramayana can be seen."
Islamic empire
Islam, as the presence of the Indonesian Government for the 12th century, Islam in Indonesia, actually arrived in the 7th century AD. At that time, the international nature trail to make, passing through the Strait of Malacca linking China's Tang dynasty Srivijaya Umayyads and West Asia and Southeast Asia from the seventh century. According to sources in the third quarter of 7th century, China was the leader of the Arab traders along the coast of Sumatra Musurimuarabu. Islam also maintains the current political system. 100 This is, of course, AH (718 AD) in the name of Jambi Umaruibunabuduruajizukarifa Indravarman III Kingusuriuijaya may explain Islam a letter 'to `I sent Baniiyakarifu, sent this question it is. Read a letter: "King of Kings", and in mammalian cells is also the wife of thousands of King where two rivers, the irrigation of its territory, the King of thousands of elephants, a nephew of thousands of descendants aloe trees, spices, perfume, the scent of lemon nutmeg and camphor Arabs, before God, to reach the 12 miles to the king not to associate other gods.
I told him, but friendship, the gift is a gift not only marks will be sent. Should I tell the guides who will be able to teach Islamic law. 720 BC, King Indravarman III, originally Hindus and Muslims. Sribuza Suriuijayajanbi known Islamic name "Two years later, that unfortunately, in the year 730 AD Suriuijayasuriuijayaparenban the Jambi is still captured according to Buddhism.
Mengokoh Islamic institutions and continues to bring political Islam. For example, the Muslim sultan Sultan on behalf of a calendar Peureulak was founded in the year 225H 839M 24:11. Another example is the kingdom of Ternate. Islands mark Islam in 1440, was introduced to this kingdom. Their king, the shadow of uranium Muslim name.
Semikin Islam Sultan later spread his teachings, the assimilation of the population, an important sixteenth-century Java, please replace the last of the Hindu faith Sumatra. Most of the Hindu Balinese to maintain only. East, the church, Christianity, and 17 in the 16th century Muslim cleric known for, and participate actively, and now has a majority of two of these islands religion.
Propagation of Islam / Muslim government, in this case came from outside of Indonesia as a publicity push and trade relations with the island, the defenders of the mission after that, went to feed themselves and their families, supporters through this Preach Trade also work with native merchants, with the spread of Islam in this, as these operators, transport and other residents, like most manufacturers and experienced British Empire, taking as the first Muslim to adopt a new religion. Oman / United Kingdom, the United Samudorapasai sea, and the importance of establishing diplomatic relations with 10 European countries and Oman, Yogja Igirisumataramu / a Central Java, East and Oman Omanterunate Tidore is Marc.
Dutch Colonial
Now the Dutch in 1602, little by little, the land in Indonesia, a small village in the name of Majapahit, which used a different rule. Only a Portuguese Timor, Portugal in 1975, leaving control is included in the state called East Timor, Indonesia has no effect. Indonesia, the Netherlands nearly 350 years, except for a short period after the Anglo-Dutch Wars in England, a small part of Indonesia, Java is controlled by the Japanese occupation period During the Second World War. In colonial Indonesia, the Netherlands and Dutch East Indies became rich colonial power in the world. 350 years of Dutch colonial rule because it is a myth for some people, the territory of Aceh after the Dutch conquest in bankruptcy.
Los Angeles
Dutch East India Trading Company directly with the Dutch government and 18 of the 17th century Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Verenigde Oostindische Company or VOC) was not known as a control. LOS trade in 1602 and given exclusive rights to the colonial activities in the Dutch parliament. Its headquarters is in Batavia, now Jakarta.
VOC main purpose was to protect the monopoly of the spice trade of the archipelago. This not only through the spice islands of the population use or threat of violence, non-Dutch are trying to negotiate with the knowledge that no one resident. For example, the population of the island to sell Vanda seeds, nutmeg more traders are British, and Dutch troops have been killed, and then click the group, all expel create nutmeg plantations and slavery civil servants working in the island. Los Angeles, this time of domestic politics in Java, and are involved in, war Mataram participants, including leaders of Banten.
The VOC went bankrupt in the late 18th century, after the Dutch government in 1816 Tomasusutanfodoraffuruzu VOC was under British rule took a short property. Java Java successful revolt was suppressed in 1830 by the war 1825. After the system implementation 1830, known as cultuurstelsel the Netherlands came to be applied. In this system, residents and tea, global demand in the market at that time were forced to put the results of the coffee plantations. The yield was exported. These systems, its rich executing authority - the Netherlands, therefore, Indonesia, at the time of this system and the growing monopoly of the state, more freely, which was abolished in 1870.
In 1901, political change and indigenous Dutch ethical policies that contain most of the growth in investment in education (in Dutch: Ethische policy) was adopted calling. Governor-General JB Van Heutsz government in the Dutch East Indies Dutch East Indies, to extend its direct colonial rule, and lay the groundwork for the current state of Indonesia.
nationalist movement
In 1905, the first nationalist movement, the Union] [Islam was founded in 1908, Budiutomo] followed by the nationalist movement to continue. Holland said repressive measures after the First World War. Tribal leaders in small groups of young professionals and students who arrive in the Netherlands consists of some well-educated. These first Indonesian president, Sukarno, including, political activities, many of his detention.
World War II
In May 1940, at the beginning of World War II, the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Dutch East Indies, and declared a state of siege will be redirected to the U.S. and UK exports to Japan in July. failure of negotiations with Japan to ensure the supply of aviation fuel in 1941 and began the conquest of Southeast Asia in December 2005 the Japanese. That same month, Japan Sumatra factions, the Dutch revolt against the government. Last Dutch troops in Japan was defeated in March 1942.
Japan was
In July 1942, Sukarno, the Japanese campaign has released a proposal agreed to form a government to meet the needs of the Japanese. Soekarno Hatta, Kyai Muhammad and the Emperor of Japan decorated in 1943. However, the experience here in the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and not vary according to human life and social status in one. important people in war torture, sexual slavery, as well as arbitrary detention and execution, we invite you to live in other areas are considered war crimes. Indonesian - Netherlands, a mixture of Japanese occupation for which the Netherlands.
Indonesia (BPUPKI) in March 1945 under the Japanese way of preparation for independent research firms. The first meeting of May Soepomo history of national unity, private Muhanmadoyamin is both a new state of Sarawak, Sabah, Malaysia, Portuguese Timor, but go to the Dutch East Indies suggested that while there, before the war.
Sukarno and Hatta September 8, 1945 Wediodiningrat Radjiman was delivered to the temple to meet Marshal Vietnam. They destroyed the Japanese armed forces in Japan is 24, said he wanted independence from Indonesia.
time independent
News, Japan, in order to determine the hearing of human rights in August 16 Sukarno, the "declaration" that the next day. The news of declaration of radio propagation and flyers during the war, the Indonesian army, ground forces (PETA), young people and defense of others went to support the persistence of Sukarno immediately.
On August 18, 1945, the Preparatory Commission, the independence of Indonesia (PPKI) served as vice president under the Constitution to be used in a couple of days ago and Mohamadohatta Sukarno as president. Was interim parliament until after the elections, the Central Indonesian National Committee (Knip) is determined. Group August 31, announced the new government, the Republic of Indonesia, the number consists of eight states: Sumatra, Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, except the territory of Brunei), West Java, Central Java, East Java, Sulawesi, Marc (including Papua), East Nusaisuto.
Revolutionary War
From 1945 to 1949, the Australian Association of the oceans, should be allowed to change the power Colonial Dutch logistics necessary to ship materials to all Dutch companies to understand the independence conflict.
Dutch efforts to return to power, has faced strong resistance. Java, the Dutch forces home as soon took over the colonial capital of Batavia, as a result of Yogyakarta, the capital of the nation to do so. Four years of war and negotiation, Queen Juliana, the federal government of the Netherlands, 27 December 1949, after the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia (27 December 1949 on the day), please consult the article. In 1950, Indonesia was a member of the United Nations 60.
Parliamentary democracy
Soon after, the parliamentary system in Indonesia, where the Council has approved a new law, which consists of elected Congress and accountability. In the first national meeting of the party, after the first election in 1955 to build a stable coalition government, because it is difficult.
The role of Islam in Indonesia has become a complex task. Some Islamic groups, including the part of an Islamic state and the law that requires Muslims to give to Islamic law, preferably, Sukarno, prefer a secular state based on Pancasila.
Democracy Guide
Sumatra, Sulawesi, West Java and other islands failed uprising began in 1958, not the National Assembly drafted a new constitution, weakened the parliamentary system in Indonesia. As a result, the interim constitution gives the president broad powers to President Sukarno in 1959 1.945 unilaterally, the resurrection, can not face many obstacles.
From 1959 1965, President Sukarno dictatorship of managed democracy "under the pretext governed." Indonesia also has non-aligned countries, colonies and ex-large rejected the formal alliance with the Soviet Union the West regarding the policy that is supported by leaders of the country, has changed its foreign policy. Bandung, West Java, leaders, meeting in 1955, the fund was created after the Non-Aligned Movement summit in Asia and Africa.
Late 1950 and 1960, the Indonesian Communist Party and the country closer to Asian communist Sukarno (PKI) to move the country. PKI, the Soviet Union the world's largest communist party in China, was out of public financing, Communist Party, ideological obedience, and other countries that have not.
Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation
Sukarno on the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, is a "neo-colonialist" example in Britain is to promote local businesses. The formation of the Federation of Malaysia, has extended the influence of Western countries in Asia, the difference between England and Australia is to influence policy in Asia. Brazil, Malaysia is not a member of the UN Security Council UN tetab decisions based on the recognition of the sovereignty of President Sukarno in 1965 and the new power conference announced his retirement from the United Nations on January 20, Indonesia (CONEFO) established to counter the United Nations and the Olympic Ganuf counter. Between the Indonesian military, Malaysia (which has helped the UK) to fight this fight will be.
Irian Jaya, the fate of West Papua conflict
Independent, the Dutch government, the West New Guinea (Irian) Island, on 1 December and hold power, in 1961 government ministries and the same measurements can Declaration of Independence.
negotiations for a merger between the Netherlands and the region of Indonesia, Indonesian paratroopers before his unsuccessful battle with the Dutch and Indonesian troops landed in 1961 and 1962 December 18, New Guinea. In 1962, the United States, Indonesia, agreed to create a secret meeting with New York in August 1962 agreement, putting pressure on the Netherlands, Indonesia, took his hands terhadapa power Irian Jaya on May 1, 1963 L '.
Exercise 30 9 / PKI for S-G30
Until 1965, the adoption of PKI is Sukarno's campaign largely dominated organization was established to strengthen public support for "regime of Sukarno, and in support of arming the" fifth generation has begun to create. Oppose military.
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