Protohistory

history of Indonesia about 50 million years of prehistory to cover a long period of time Java type '"However, before you start. historical period in Indonesia can be divided into five years: the pre-colonial Java and Sumatra, Indian Buddhism large dependence on colonial trade, the emergence of Muslim countries, especially Europe Netherlands Introduction () is half of the century twentieth of the date of the 17th century Dutch colony main spice in 3.5 wants century, when independence, after independence, Indonesia (1945) and the fall of Sukarno (1966) first. New era of order, 32 years, the Suharto regime (1966 -1998) as well as the reform period has lasted until today.
Prehistoric
Indonesian geological region today when some Pleistocene, about her appearance still connected to Asia. The first settlers from Java man known in the region time before 500,000 years. Indonesian archipelago, formed after the Ice Age when the ice melted.
pre-colonial
Indian scholars and Dwipantara Dwipa Jawahindu Christian kingdoms of Java, Sumatra, wrote about 200. Master Tarumanagara England about 400 years of West Java. 425 years, Buddhism has become a territory. The European Renaissance, Java, Sumatra and Java Sriwijaya Kingdom and Majapahit two great Sumatra, and has inherited thousands of years civilizations in western Java island, the British civilization Tarumanagara Sunda Kingdom inherit.
Indian Buddhist kingdom
In the 4th century until the 7th century, the area of West Java, Sunda Tarumanagara characters are Indian Buddhist kingdom until the 16th century by the United Kingdom. During the seventh century to the 14th century, the Buddhist kingdom of Sriwijaya in Sumatra has grown rapidly. Gin of about 670 visits to China, the capital of Palembang. At the height of his fame, Srivijaya, West Java and the Malay Peninsula as a control. The 14th century, East Java, has seen the birth of the Hindu kingdom of Majapahit. Patih Majapahit period 1331-1364, Mada, mainly from Indonesia and now, land, almost all of the Malay Peninsula, was able to get the power on. Mada period, including the codification of law and Javanese culture, like the epic "inherited from the Ramayana can be seen."
Islamic empire
Islam, as the presence of the Indonesian Government for the 12th century, Islam in Indonesia, actually arrived in the 7th century AD. At that time, the international nature trail to make, passing through the Strait of Malacca linking China's Tang dynasty Srivijaya Umayyads and West Asia and Southeast Asia from the seventh century. According to sources in the third quarter of 7th century, China was the leader of the Arab traders along the coast of Sumatra Musurimuarabu. Islam also maintains the current political system. 100 This is, of course, AH (718 AD) in the name of Jambi Umaruibunabuduruajizukarifa Indravarman III Kingusuriuijaya may explain Islam a letter 'to `I sent Baniiyakarifu, sent this question it is. Read a letter: "King of Kings", and in mammalian cells is also the wife of thousands of King where two rivers, the irrigation of its territory, the King of thousands of elephants, a nephew of thousands of descendants aloe trees, spices, perfume, the scent of lemon nutmeg and camphor Arabs, before God, to reach the 12 miles to the king not to associate other gods.
I told him, but friendship, the gift is a gift not only marks will be sent. Should I tell the guides who will be able to teach Islamic law. 720 BC, King Indravarman III, originally Hindus and Muslims. Sribuza Suriuijayajanbi known Islamic name "Two years later, that unfortunately, in the year 730 AD Suriuijayasuriuijayaparenban the Jambi is still captured according to Buddhism.
Mengokoh Islamic institutions and continues to bring political Islam. For example, the Muslim sultan Sultan on behalf of a calendar Peureulak was founded in the year 225H 839M 24:11. Another example is the kingdom of Ternate. Islands mark Islam in 1440, was introduced to this kingdom. Their king, the shadow of uranium Muslim name.
Semikin Islam Sultan later spread his teachings, the assimilation of the population, an important sixteenth-century Java, please replace the last of the Hindu faith Sumatra. Most of the Hindu Balinese to maintain only. East, the church, Christianity, and 17 in the 16th century Muslim cleric known for, and participate actively, and now has a majority of two of these islands religion.
Propagation of Islam / Muslim government, in this case came from outside of Indonesia as a publicity push and trade relations with the island, the defenders of the mission after that, went to feed themselves and their families, supporters through this Preach Trade also work with native merchants, with the spread of Islam in this, as these operators, transport and other residents, like most manufacturers and experienced British Empire, taking as the first Muslim to adopt a new religion. Oman / United Kingdom, the United Samudorapasai sea, and the importance of establishing diplomatic relations with 10 European countries and Oman, Yogja Igirisumataramu / a Central Java, East and Oman Omanterunate Tidore is Marc.
Dutch Colonial
Now the Dutch in 1602, little by little, the land in Indonesia, a small village in the name of Majapahit, which used a different rule. Only a Portuguese Timor, Portugal in 1975, leaving control is included in the state called East Timor, Indonesia has no effect. Indonesia, the Netherlands nearly 350 years, except for a short period after the Anglo-Dutch Wars in England, a small part of Indonesia, Java is controlled by the Japanese occupation period During the Second World War. In colonial Indonesia, the Netherlands and Dutch East Indies became rich colonial power in the world. 350 years of Dutch colonial rule because it is a myth for some people, the territory of Aceh after the Dutch conquest in bankruptcy.
Los Angeles
Dutch East India Trading Company directly with the Dutch government and 18 of the 17th century Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Verenigde Oostindische Company or VOC) was not known as a control. LOS trade in 1602 and given exclusive rights to the colonial activities in the Dutch parliament. Its headquarters is in Batavia, now Jakarta.
VOC main purpose was to protect the monopoly of the spice trade of the archipelago. This not only through the spice islands of the population use or threat of violence, non-Dutch are trying to negotiate with the knowledge that no one resident. For example, the population of the island to sell Vanda seeds, nutmeg more traders are British, and Dutch troops have been killed, and then click the group, all expel create nutmeg plantations and slavery civil servants working in the island. Los Angeles, this time of domestic politics in Java, and are involved in, war Mataram participants, including leaders of Banten.
The VOC went bankrupt in the late 18th century, after the Dutch government in 1816 Tomasusutanfodoraffuruzu VOC was under British rule took a short property. Java Java successful revolt was suppressed in 1830 by the war 1825. After the system implementation 1830, known as cultuurstelsel the Netherlands came to be applied. In this system, residents and tea, global demand in the market at that time were forced to put the results of the coffee plantations. The yield was exported. These systems, its rich executing authority - the Netherlands, therefore, Indonesia, at the time of this system and the growing monopoly of the state, more freely, which was abolished in 1870.
In 1901, political change and indigenous Dutch ethical policies that contain most of the growth in investment in education (in Dutch: Ethische policy) was adopted calling. Governor-General JB Van Heutsz government in the Dutch East Indies Dutch East Indies, to extend its direct colonial rule, and lay the groundwork for the current state of Indonesia.
nationalist movement
In 1905, the first nationalist movement, the Union] [Islam was founded in 1908, Budiutomo] followed by the nationalist movement to continue. Holland said repressive measures after the First World War. Tribal leaders in small groups of young professionals and students who arrive in the Netherlands consists of some well-educated. These first Indonesian president, Sukarno, including, political activities, many of his detention.
World War II
In May 1940, at the beginning of World War II, the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Dutch East Indies, and declared a state of siege will be redirected to the U.S. and UK exports to Japan in July. failure of negotiations with Japan to ensure the supply of aviation fuel in 1941 and began the conquest of Southeast Asia in December 2005 the Japanese. That same month, Japan Sumatra factions, the Dutch revolt against the government. Last Dutch troops in Japan was defeated in March 1942.
Japan was
In July 1942, Sukarno, the Japanese campaign has released a proposal agreed to form a government to meet the needs of the Japanese. Soekarno Hatta, Kyai Muhammad and the Emperor of Japan decorated in 1943. However, the experience here in the Japanese occupation of Indonesia and not vary according to human life and social status in one. important people in war torture, sexual slavery, as well as arbitrary detention and execution, we invite you to live in other areas are considered war crimes. Indonesian - Netherlands, a mixture of Japanese occupation for which the Netherlands.
Indonesia (BPUPKI) in March 1945 under the Japanese way of preparation for independent research firms. The first meeting of May Soepomo history of national unity, private Muhanmadoyamin is both a new state of Sarawak, Sabah, Malaysia, Portuguese Timor, but go to the Dutch East Indies suggested that while there, before the war.
Sukarno and Hatta September 8, 1945 Wediodiningrat Radjiman was delivered to the temple to meet Marshal Vietnam. They destroyed the Japanese armed forces in Japan is 24, said he wanted independence from Indonesia.
time independent
News, Japan, in order to determine the hearing of human rights in August 16 Sukarno, the "declaration" that the next day. The news of declaration of radio propagation and flyers during the war, the Indonesian army, ground forces (PETA), young people and defense of others went to support the persistence of Sukarno immediately.
On August 18, 1945, the Preparatory Commission, the independence of Indonesia (PPKI) served as vice president under the Constitution to be used in a couple of days ago and Mohamadohatta Sukarno as president. Was interim parliament until after the elections, the Central Indonesian National Committee (Knip) is determined. Group August 31, announced the new government, the Republic of Indonesia, the number consists of eight states: Sumatra, Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, except the territory of Brunei), West Java, Central Java, East Java, Sulawesi, Marc (including Papua), East Nusaisuto.
Revolutionary War
From 1945 to 1949, the Australian Association of the oceans, should be allowed to change the power Colonial Dutch logistics necessary to ship materials to all Dutch companies to understand the independence conflict.
Dutch efforts to return to power, has faced strong resistance. Java, the Dutch forces home as soon took over the colonial capital of Batavia, as a result of Yogyakarta, the capital of the nation to do so. Four years of war and negotiation, Queen Juliana, the federal government of the Netherlands, 27 December 1949, after the transfer of sovereignty to Indonesia (27 December 1949 on the day), please consult the article. In 1950, Indonesia was a member of the United Nations 60.
Parliamentary democracy
Soon after, the parliamentary system in Indonesia, where the Council has approved a new law, which consists of elected Congress and accountability. In the first national meeting of the party, after the first election in 1955 to build a stable coalition government, because it is difficult.
The role of Islam in Indonesia has become a complex task. Some Islamic groups, including the part of an Islamic state and the law that requires Muslims to give to Islamic law, preferably, Sukarno, prefer a secular state based on Pancasila.
Democracy Guide
Sumatra, Sulawesi, West Java and other islands failed uprising began in 1958, not the National Assembly drafted a new constitution, weakened the parliamentary system in Indonesia. As a result, the interim constitution gives the president broad powers to President Sukarno in 1959 1.945 unilaterally, the resurrection, can not face many obstacles.
From 1959 1965, President Sukarno dictatorship of managed democracy "under the pretext governed." Indonesia also has non-aligned countries, colonies and ex-large rejected the formal alliance with the Soviet Union the West regarding the policy that is supported by leaders of the country, has changed its foreign policy. Bandung, West Java, leaders, meeting in 1955, the fund was created after the Non-Aligned Movement summit in Asia and Africa.
Late 1950 and 1960, the Indonesian Communist Party and the country closer to Asian communist Sukarno (PKI) to move the country. PKI, the Soviet Union the world's largest communist party in China, was out of public financing, Communist Party, ideological obedience, and other countries that have not.
Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation
Sukarno on the formation of the Federation of Malaysia, is a "neo-colonialist" example in Britain is to promote local businesses. The formation of the Federation of Malaysia, has extended the influence of Western countries in Asia, the difference between England and Australia is to influence policy in Asia. Brazil, Malaysia is not a member of the UN Security Council UN tetab decisions based on the recognition of the sovereignty of President Sukarno in 1965 and the new power conference announced his retirement from the United Nations on January 20, Indonesia (CONEFO) established to counter the United Nations and the Olympic Ganuf counter. Between the Indonesian military, Malaysia (which has helped the UK) to fight this fight will be.
Irian Jaya, the fate of West Papua conflict
Independent, the Dutch government, the West New Guinea (Irian) Island, on 1 December and hold power, in 1961 government ministries and the same measurements can Declaration of Independence.
negotiations for a merger between the Netherlands and the region of Indonesia, Indonesian paratroopers before his unsuccessful battle with the Dutch and Indonesian troops landed in 1961 and 1962 December 18, New Guinea. In 1962, the United States, Indonesia, agreed to create a secret meeting with New York in August 1962 agreement, putting pressure on the Netherlands, Indonesia, took his hands terhadapa power Irian Jaya on May 1, 1963 L '.
Exercise 30 9 / PKI for S-G30
Until 1965, the adoption of PKI is Sukarno's campaign largely dominated organization was established to strengthen public support for "regime of Sukarno, and in support of arming the" fifth generation has begun to create. Oppose military.